Neck Lift

h _ ] e fc`n
> i g j f_ nci h i ` nb _ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m fcj _ ] ni g s ch nb _ ] _ h nl [ f h _ ] e
] i g _ m h _ r n* < mni o n ^ i o \ f_ b i i e cm j f[ ] _ ^ o h ^ _ l nb _ ch ` _ l ci l l cg i `
nb _ ] b ch \ i h _ [ h ^ b _ f^ o j q [ l ^ \ s nb _ [ mmcmn[ h n#m f_ `n b [ h ^ ni ncfn nb _
b _ [ ^ \ [ ] e q [ l ^ [ m g o ] b [ m j i mmc\ f_ * < ? _ [ p _ l l _ nl [ ] ni l cm j f[ ] _ ^ ch ni
nb _ j i ] e _ n [ h ^ b _ f^ o j \ s nb _ [ mmcmn[ h n#m l ca b n b [ h ^ * Ob _ ^ cmm_ ] n_ ^
j i ] e _ n cm cl l ca [ n_ ^ q cnb [ h nc\ ci nc] mi fo nci h [ h ^ fi i m_ fs j [ ] e _ ^ q cnb
^ l s mj i h a _ m( ` cl mn i h i h _ mc^ _ [ h ^ nb _ h i h nb _ i nb _ l ( q b cf_ Do m_ nb _
T [ h e [ o _ l mo ] nci h [ h ^ nb _ fi h a h _ _ ^ f_ )ncj ] [ o n_ l s ni i h ] _ [ a [ ch fi i e
` i l [ h ^ ] i h nl i f \ f_ _ ^ _ l m i h nb _ l i i ` i l ` fi i l i ` nb _ ^ cmm_ ] n_ ^ j i ] e _ nã
[ h i nb _ l i j j i l no h cns ` i l b _ g i mn[ mcm*
Ob _ ] b ch b i i e cm g i g _ h n[ l cfs l _ g i p _ ^ q b cf_ nb _ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ` [ n
do mn ] [ o ^ [ f ni nb _ mo \ g _ h n[ f ch ] cmci h cm l _ g i p _ ^ * Ob cm ] [ h \ _ ^ i h _
q cnb nb _ _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s !TMN\ " i l q cnb m] cmmi l m !ZQOP \ "& @cnb _ l q [ s ( D n[ e _
do mn [ fcnnf_ ` [ n [ n [ ncg _ ni [ p i c^ ch [ ^ p _ l n_ h nfs n[ e ch a i ` ` j f[ ns mg [ * < m
mi i h [ m nb cm mg [ ff mo \ g _ h n[ f g c^ fch _ t i h _ b [ m \ _ _ h ] f_ [ l _ ^ i ` ` [ n(
nb _ \ ca b i i e cm l _ ch m_ l n_ ^ ni fc`n nb _ ] b ch *

2 î
h _ ] e ` f[ j ^ cmm_ ] nci h [ h ^ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m fcj _ ] ni g s
R cnb nb _ _ r ] _ mm [ h n_ l i f[ n_ l [ f mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m `[ n [ fl _ [ ^ s l _ g i p _ ^
nb l i o a b nb _ mo f] o m ch ] cmci h m( nb _ l _ g [ ch ch a ` [ n f_ ` n i h nb _ j f[ ì
ns mg [ ] _ h nl [ ffs cm h i q _ r ] cm_ ^ nb l i o a b nb _ mo \ g _ h n[ f ch ] cmci h
o mch a nb _ m[ g _ ^ _ ` [ nnch a n_ ] b h ck o _ m nb [ n q _ l _ o m_ ^ [ n nb _ mc^ _ m*
C_ l _ ( [ m \ _ ` i l _ ( nb _ `[ n cm l _ g i p _ ^ mfi q fs [ h ^ ch [ j c_ ] _ g _ [ f
` [ mb ci h ni [ pi c^ h cj j ch a i ` ` \ cnm i ` g o m] f_ * Dh [ ^ l s h _ ] e ( ` i l ì
] _ j m [ h ^ m] cmmi l m [ l _ o m_ ^ *

h _ ] e fc`n
Dh [ h i i t s h _ ] e ( nb _ ` [ n cm j o ff_ ^ )[ h ^ )j _ _ f_ ^ ` l i g nb _ g o m] f_
ch mg [ ff mnl cj m o mch a nb _ _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s * Ob cm g _ nb i ^ cm mfi q _ l
[ h ^ g i l _ ^ c` `c] o fn ni f_ [ l h ( \ o n [ \ _ nn_ l ] b i c] _ ` i l nb _ j [ nc_ h n q b i
m_ _ g m ni \ f_ _ ^ _ [ mcfs ( i l ` i l h _ ] e m q cnb ` c\ l i o m ` [ n nb [ n ] i h n[ ch m
[ l c] b \ fi i ^ mo j j fs * Dh mo ] b j [ nc_ h nm( g [ ch n[ ch ch a b _ g i mn[ mcm cm
\ _ nn_ l nb [ h nl s ch a ni l _ a [ ch b _ g i mn[ mcm f[ n_ l i h *

2 î
h _ ] e ` f[ j ^ cmm_ ] nci h [ h ^ m o \ ] o n[ h _ i o m fcj _ ] ni g s
Oi l _ g i p _ cmf[ h ^ m i ` ` [ n f_`n ] fch a ch a ni nb _ j f[ ns mg [ ( nb _ m] cmì
mi l m [ l _ f[ c^ `f[ n i h nb _ mo l ` [ ] _ i ` nb _ g o m] f_ q cnb nb _ \ f[ ^ _ m
mnl [ ^ ^ fch a nb _ `[ n* Ai l ] _ j m [ l _ h i n o m_ ^ * < m nb _ \ f[ ^ _ m ] fi m_ [ h ^
\ _ a ch ni a _ h nfs mk o _ _ t _ i ` ` nb _ ` [ n( nb _ s fc`n [ fcnnf_ ni mb [ p _ nb _
` [ n ` l i g nb _ mo l ` [ ] _ i ` nb _ g o m] f_ q cnb i o n ^ [ g [ a ch a nb _ ch p_ mnì
ch a ` [ m] c[ !TMN\ "& < fn_ l h [ ncp_ fs ( nb _ `[ n ] [ h \ _ j _ _ f_ ^ i ` ` i ` nb _ g o mì
] f_ q cnb nb _ _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s !ZQOP\ "$ q b c] b cm i ` n_ h [ a i i ^ q [ s ni
l _ g i p _ nb _ m_ \ o nni h m i ` `[ n( \ _ ] [ o m_ nb _ s [ l _ ` l _ k o _ h nfs [ nì
n[ ] b _ ^ ni nb _ j f[ ns mg [ \ s [ mg [ ff \ o n j i n_ h nc[ ffs \ i nb _ l mi g _
[ l n_l c[ f g o m] f_ j _ l ` i l [ ni l b c^ ch a \ _ h _ [ nb * Ob _ g o m] f_ cm _ f_ ] nl i ì
] i [ a o f[ n_ ^ [ ` n_ l nb _ `[ n b [ m \ _ _ h l _ g i p _ ^ ( _ p_ h c` nb _ l _ #m h i
g i l _ nb [ h [ mo mj c] ci h i ` [ \ f_ _ ^ _ l nb _ l _ * < a [ ch ( b _ g i mn[ mcm cm
] i h ` cl g _ ^ *

h _ ] e fc`n
G[ l a _ a fi \ m i ` ` [ n ch nb _ fi q _ l g c^ fch _
nb [ n [ l _ h i n l _ g i p _ ^ ] [ h f_ [ p_ [ h o h ì
j f_ [ m[ h n( \ o g j s ( [ j j _ [ l [ h ] _ * Ob cm _ r ì
] _ mm ` [ n cm \ _ mn _ r ] cm_ ^ q cnb nb _ fi h a
h _ _ ^ f_ )ncj _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s ( \ _ ] [ o m_ m] cm)
mi l )] o n p _ mm_ fm i ` n_ h
l _ nl [ ] n
ch ni nb _
` [ nns l _ g h [ h nm i l nb _ fi q _ l mnl [ j g o m ì
] f_ m q b _ l _ nb _ s [ l _ ^ c` ` c] o fn ni m_ _ [ h ^
l _ [ ] b mb i o f^ nb _ s \ f_ _ ^ * Kl _ p _ h ncp _ b _ ì
g i mn[ mcm cm j _ l ` i l g _ ^ *
M_ g [ ch ch a a fi \ o f_ m i ` ` [ n [ fi h a nb _ j f[ ì
ns m g [ _ ^ a _ m [ l _ nl cg g _ ^ [ q [ s q cnb m] cmì
mi l m i l _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s * J \ n[ ch ch a g o m] f_ m
_ ^ a _ m nb [ n [ l _ ] f_ [ h _ ^ i ` ` [ n cm cg j i l n[ h n
c` [ ] i l m_ n j f[ ns mg [ j f[ mns cm ni \ _ ^ i h _ *

= î
h _ ] e ` f[ j ^ cmm_ ] nci h [ h ^ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m fcj _ ] ni g s
Ob _ ? _ [ p_ l l _ nl [ ] ni l cm l i n[ n_ ^ ni j l i ì
pc^ _ [ a i i ^ fi i e [ n nb _ d[ q fch _ ` l i g ch ì
mc^ _ nb _ j i ] e _ n* M_ g [ ch ch a di q f ` [ n cm
j c] e _ ^ o j q cnb ` i l ] _ j m [ h ^ nl cg g _ ^
i ` ` q cnb nb _ _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s !TMN\" i l q cnb
m] cmmi l m !ZQOP\ "&
Dh mi g _ j [ nc_ h nm [ h _ r n_ h mci h i ` nb _
di q f `[ n ] o l fm o h ^ _ l nb _ g _ ^ c[ f g [ h ^ cì
\ f_ [ h ^ mnc] e m nb _ l _ fce _ [ q [ mj #m h _ mn
mnc] e m o h ^ _ l nb _ _ [ p_ m i ` [ \ [ l h ( pcmc\ fs
[ h ^ j [ fj [ \ fs i \ fcn_ l [ nch a nb _ fi q _ l \ i l ì
^ _ l i ` nb _ d[ q fch _ * Ob cm mnc] e s ` [ n g [ s
\ _ \ o fe s _ h i o a b ni \ _ g cmn[ e _ h ( [ n
ncg _ m( ` i l [ h _ h f[ l a _ ^ mo \ g [ h ^ c\ o f[ l
m[ fcp [ l s a f[ h ^ * Dn h _ _ ^ m ni \ _ mb [ l j fs ] o n
i o n ` l i g o h ^ _ l nb _ d[ q fch _ ni ] f_ [ l fs ^ _ ì
`ch _ nb _ mo \ g [ h ^ c\ o f[ l ] i h ] [ pcns *

h _ ] e fc`n
J h ] _ nb _ _ r ] _ mm mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ` [ n b [ m \ _ _ h l _ g i p _ ^ ` l i g nb _
h _ ] e ( ] _ l n[ ch ch nl [ i j _ l [ ncp _ ^ _ ] cmci h m i ` n_ h h _ _ ^ ni \ _ g [ ^ _ ] i h ì
] _ l h ch a j i mmc\ f_ g [ h cj o f[ nci h m ni nb _ j f[ ns mg [ [ h ^ mo \ j f[ ns mg [ f
ncmmo _ m* Ob i m_ ^ _ ] cmci h m [ h ^ nb i m_ mo l a c] [ f g [ h _ o p _ l m [ l _ ^ _ [ fn
q cnb ch > b [ j n_ l m 3 ( 4 ( [ h ^ 5 * < n nb cm j i ch n ch nb cm ] b [ j n_ l ( f_ n o m
[ mmo g _ nb [ n [ h s h _ _ ^ _ ^ g i ^ c` c] [ nci h m ni nb _ j f[ ns mg [ [ h ^ mo \ ì
j f[ ns mg [ f ncmmo _ m nb [ n mb i o f^ b [ p _ \ _ _ h g [ ^ _ b [ p _ [ fl _ [ ^ s \ _ _ h
g [ ^ _ ( [ h ^ nb [ n q _ [ l _ h i q do mn [ \ i o n l _ [ ^ s ` i l ch ] cmci h ] fi ì
mo l _ *
D` [ ] i l m_ n j f[ ns mg [ j f[ mns b [ ^ \ _ _ h ^ i h _ ( nb _ j f[ ns mg [ g o m] f_
i h _ [ ] b mc^ _ i ` nb _ h _ ] e [ h ^ nb _ [ nn[ ] b _ ^ me ch ch nb _ mo j l [ ] f[ p c] ì
o f[ l [ l _ [ m q i o f^ b [ p _ \ _ _ h j o ff_ ^ ni q [ l ^ nb _ g c^ fch _ ( j l i ^ o ] ch a
mi g _ h _ q me ch j o ] e _ l ch a ch nb _ fi q _ l ] _ h nl [ f h _ ] e * D` nb cm
j o ] e _ l ch a b [ m h i n s _ n \ _ _ h l _ f_ [ m_ ^ \ s m_ j [ l [ nch a nb _ me ch ` l i g
nb _ g o m] f_ q cnb m] cmmi l m i l _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s $[ m mb i q h ch > b [ j n_ l
3 %( h i q cm nb _ ncg _ ni ^ i nb [ n*
I i q cm [ fmi nb _ ncg _ ` i l [ h i nb _ l a i i ^ fi i e o h ^ _ l nb _ h _ ] e [ h ^
] b _ _ e ` f[ j m ni ] i h ` cl g b _ g i mn[ mcm* D[ h nc] cj [ n_ nb cm f[ mn fi i e ( i l
h _ [ l ni f[ mn fi i e ( \ s l _ g ch ^ ch a g s [ h _ mnb _ ncmn i l [ h _ mnb _ mci fi a cmn
1 g ch o n_ m _ [ l fc_ l ni b [ p _ nb _ \ fi i ^ j l _ mmo l _ m i g _ q b [ n [ \ i p _
nb _ j [ nc_ h n#m h i l g [ f f_ p _ f( mi nb [ n [ ` [ fm_ m_ h m_ i ` b _ g i mn[ mcm
cm h i n j i l nl [ s _ ^ \ s [ n_ g j i l [ l s [ h _ mnb _ nc] )ch ^ o ] _ ^ i l ^ l o a )ch )
^ o ] _ ^ b s j i n_ h mci h *
I i q cm [ fmi nb _ ncg _ ni _ r n_ h ^ nb _ f[ n_ l [ f j _ l cg _ n_ l i ` nb _ ` f[ j
j i ] e _ n ni [ n f_ [ mn nb _ j i mn_ l ci l \ i l ^ _ l i ` nb _ mn_ l h i g [ mni c^ g o mì
] f_ m( c` h i n ` o l nb _ l f[ n_ l [ ffs ni nb _ [ h n_ l ci l nl [ j _ t co m g o m] f_ m( ni
i \ n[ ch [ mg i i nb ^ l [ j ch a i ` nb _ me ch ` f[ j [ h ^ [ ^ _ k o [ n_ me ch l _ ^ cmì
nl c\ o nci h ( _ mj _ ] c[ ffs q b _ h mo f] o m ch ] cmci h m b [ p _ \ _ _ h o m_ ^ q cnb ì
i o n h _ ] e me ch _ r ] cmci h *

2 î
h _ ] e ` f[ j ^ cmm_ ] nci h [ h ^ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m fcj _ ] ni g s
< m [ l ca b n)b [ h ^ _ ^ mo l a _ i h ( D `ch ^ cn g o ] b
_ [ mc_ l ni _ r n_ h ^ nb _ o h ^ _ l g ch ch a i `
nb _ l ca b n f[ n_ l [ f h _ ] e ` f[ j q b cf_ mcnnch a
[ n nb _ f_ ` n mc^ _ i ` nb _ j [ nc_ h n#m b _ [ ^ (
q cnb nb _ b _ [ ^ no l h _ ^ ni q [ l ^ g _ * Ol [ ] ì
nci h mo no l _ m b i f^ nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ i o n i ` nb _
q [ s * H s [ mmcmn[ h n fc`nm nb _ ` f[ j q cnb nb _
? _ [ p_ l q b cf_ D j o mb nb _ `f[ j i o nq [ l ^ ` l i g
ch mc^ _ nb _ j i ] e _ n q cnb nb _ T[ h e [ o _ l ni
mnl _ n] b cn p _ l s nca b nfs ã [ ffi q ch a g _ ni
_ [ mcfs i j _ h [ ] f_ `n q cnb nb _ _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o ì
n_ l s \ _ nq _ _ h nb _ `[ n ch nb _ ` f[ j [ h ^ nb _
`[ m] c[ ] i p _ l ch a nb _ g o m] f_ * Ob _ h nb _
b _ [ ^ cm no l h _ ^ ni nb _ l ca b n( [ h ^ mncff mcnì
nch a [ n nb _ j [ nc_ h n#m f_`n( D o m_ nb _ m[ g _
n_ ] b h ck o _ o h ^ _ l nb _ f_`n f[ n_l [ f h _ ] e ` f[ j
ni _ r n_ h ^ nb _ f_`n f[ n_l [ f a o nn_ l *
A] \ U QOc bS`g Sf bS\ Ra bVS ^ ] QYSb W\ TS`W] `Zg
I VS TZO^ Wa Tc `bVS` `SZSOaSR ZObS`OZZg

h _ ] e fc`n
D h i q ch d_ ] n [ fcnnf_ \ i i mn_ l i ` fi ] [ f [ h _ mnb _ nc] )_ j ch _ j b l ch _ mi fo nci h [ fi h a nb _
_ r j i m_ ^ ch ] cmci h _ ^ a _ m [ h ^ nb _ _ r j _ ] n_ ^ ^ l [ ch _ r cn mcn_ m [ h ^ nb _ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m
ncmmo _ q b _ l _ D _ r j _ ] n ni nl cg nb _ ` f[ j i h \ i nb mc^ _ m i ` nb _ h _ ] e [ h ^ ` [ ] _ ( nb _ h D
l _ no l h ni nb _ f_`n mc^ _ i ` nb _ h _ ] e ` i l [ `ch [ f ] b _ ] e i ` b _ g i mn[ mcm [ h ^ ch ] cmci h
] fi mo l _ * J o n i ` b [ \ cn( Di j _ h [ h ^ ] fi m_ nb _ f_`n mc^ _ `cl mn*
D` nb _ fi q _ l ] b _ _ e b [ m \ _ _ h o h ^ _ l g ch _ ^ [ m j [ l n i ` nb _ h _ ] e fc`n( [ mo ] nci h
^ l [ ch cm j f[ ] _ ^ [ \ i p _ nb _ d[ q fch _ q b c] b _ r n_ h ^ m i p _ l ni nb _ mc^ _ i ` nb _ ] b ch
i h _ [ ] b mc^ _ * Ob cm ^ l [ ch [ a _ ] [ nb _ n_ l cm _ r cn_ ^ q cnb ch nb _ b [ cl s n_ g j i l [ f m] [ fj
do mn [ \ i p _ nb _ fi q _ l _ ^ a _ i ` nb _ mc^ _ \ o l h *
DKG<>@ < NP > ODJ I ? M O@? NK<>@( @Q@I R C@I DO N@@H N = J I @ ? MT*
Ai l ^ l [ ch [ a _ i ` nb _ h _ ] e ( nq i mo ] nci h ^ l [ ch m [ l _ [ fq [ s m j f[ ] _ ^ o h ^ _ l nb _
h _ ] e ` f[ j ã i h _ ` l i g _ [ ] b mc^ _ * J h _ ] [ nb _ n_ l cm f[ c^ [ m fi q [ h ^ [ m ` [ l [ ] l i mm
nb _ h _ ] e [ m j i mmc\ f_ * Ob _ i nb _ l cm j f[ ] _ ^ [ n nb _ b s i c^ f_p_f( [ h ^ cm [ fmi l o h [ m
`[ l [ ] l i mm nb _ h _ ] e [ m j i mmc\ f_ * Ob _ m_ h _ ] e ^ l [ ch m _ r cn _ cnb _ l b ca b ch nb _
j i mn[ o l c] o f[ l mo f] o m i l \ _ b ch ^ nb _ i ] ] cj cn[ f b [ cl fch _( \ o n [ fq [ s m q b _ l _ nb _ _r cn
m] [ l q cff h i n \ _ m_ _ h *
D` [ ] b _ _ e $` [ ] _ % fc`n i l \ l i q fc`n b [ m \ _ _ h ^ i h _ ( ^ l [ ch m [ l _ [ fmi [ fq [ s m
j f[ ] _ ^ ch nb i m_ ^ cmm_ ] n_ ^ j i ] e _ nm \ _ ` i l _ ] fi mo l _ *
D` [ h cmi f[ n_ ^ h _ ] e fc`n b [ m \ _ _ h ^ i h _ ( ch ] cmci h ] fi mo l _ cm [ l _ f[ ncp_ fs mcg j f_ g [ nì
n_l( \ _ ] [ o m_ nb _ ch ] cmci h m [ l _ [ ff ] fi m_ ^ q cnb i o n me ch _ r ] cmci h ã _ r ] _ j n j _ l b [ j m
` i l l _ g i p[ f i ` [ p _ l s mg [ ff nl c[ h a f_ i ` me ch c` [ b ca b nl [ h mp_ l m_ b ch a _ b [ m \ _ _ h
o m_ ^ * Ob _ i h fs mfca b nfs nl c] e s j [ l n cm [ pi c^ ch a me ch j f_ [ nm i l me ch ` i f^ m \ _ b ch ^
nb _ _[ l * Ob _ n_ ] b h ck o _ ` i l ] fi mch a [ mo f] o m ch ] cmci h o m_ ^ ` i l [ h cmi f[ n_ ^ h _ ] e
fc`n( q cnb [ h ^ q cnb i o n [ b ca b b ch a _ ( cm ^ _ m] l c\ _ ^ ch > b [ j n_ l / *
D` [ h _ ] e fc`n cm \ _ ch a ^ i h _ q cnb [ ] b _ _ e fc`n( nb _ ] fi mo l _ ( i ` ] i o l m_ ( cm g i l _
] i g j fc] [ n_ ^ * D `cl mn [ h ] b i l nb _ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ] b _ _ e ` f[ j i l nb _ ^ _ _ j )j f[ h _
] b _ _ e ` f[ j $D o m_ \ i nb g _ nb i ^ m% ni nb _ cg g i \ cf_ j _ l ci mn_ o g i p_ l nb _ f[ n_l [ f t s ì
a i g [ nc] [ l ] b do mn ch ` l i h n i ` nb _ mo j _ l ci l i ni \ [ mci h i ` nb _ _ [ l q cnb [ \ o l c_ ^ . ),
K? N b i l ct i h n[ f g [ nnl _ mm mo no l _ * R cnb [ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ` f[ j ( Do m_ do mn nb [ n i h _
`cr [ nci h mo no l _ ( [ h ^ D ^ i h #n nc_ cn [ m nca b nfs [ m D] i o f^ ni [ pi c^ [ \ f[ h ] b _ ^ n_ h mci h
mnl _ [ e ch nb _ me ch [ fi h a nb _ p _ ] ni l fc`n fch_( q b c] b g ca b n ] i g j l i g cm_ nb _ ] cl ] o ì
f[ nci h ni nb _ ] b _ _ e `f[ j *

/ n \ SQY TZO^ RW
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] \ O\ R ac PQc bO\ S] c a ZW
^ SQb] [
g
R cnb [ ^ _ _ j )j f[ h _ ` f[ j ] fi mo l _ ( D nc_ nb _ ` cr [ nci h mo no l _ m p _ l s
nca b nfs ( [ h ^ D o m_ nb l _ _ mo no l _ m ch mn_ [ ^ i ` do mn i h _ * Ob _ j b i ni i h
nb _ f_`n mb i q m nb _ ^ _ _ j j [ mm chni nb _ j _ l ci mn_ o g i ` nb _ j l ch] cj [ f `cr ì
[ nci h mo no l _ ch `l i h n i ` nb _ o j j _ l _[ l* Ob _ j b i ni i h nb _ l ca b n mb i q m
nb _ q c^ _ b i l ct i h n[ f g [ nnl _ mm mo no l _ \ cn_ ch nb _ ] o ` ` i ` N H < N [ nì
n[ ] b _ ^ ni nb _ i h _ )f[ s _ l ] b _ _ e `f[ j \ _ ch a nc_ ^ *
Ob _ m_ ] i h ^ ` cr [ nci h mo no l _ cm j f[ ] _ ^ \ _ nq _ _ h nb _ ] o ` ` i ` N H < N
[ h ^ nb _ j l _ j [ l i nc^ ` [ m] c[ ch ` l i h n i ` nb _ nl [ a o m !TMN\ "& Ob _ nb cl ^ ` cr ì
[ nci h mo no l _ \ _ nq _ _ h nb _ o j j _ l _ ^ a _ i ` nb _ ] o ` ` i ` N H < N [ h ^
nb _ mo j _ l ` c] c[ f n_ g j i l [ fcm ` [ m] c[ cm \ _ ch a nc_ ^ do mn \ _ fi q nb _ ] [ o ì
^ [ f _ ^ a _ i ` nb _ mc^ _ \ o l h !ZQOP\ "& Ob _ m_ ^ _ _ j ` cr [ nci h mo no l _ m
b i f^ [ ff i ` nb _ n_ h mci h i h nb _ ] b _ _ e ` f[ j ( mi nb [ n h i n_ h mci h [ n
[ ff cm j f[ ] _ ^ i h nb _ mo no l _ fch _ ] fi mo l _ *

\ SQY ZW
Tb
Ob _ ] b _ _ e `f[ j cm nb _ h ` [ h h _ ^ i o n q cnb \ [ \ s F i ] b _ l ] f[ g j m [ h ^
l i n[ n_ ^ o j q [ l ^ [ m g o ] b [ m j i mmc\ f_ q cnb i o n j l i ^ o ] ch a [ ^ i a ì
_ [ l ch ` l i h n i ` nb _ mc^ _ \ o l h nb [ n q i o f^ l _ k o cl _ _ r n_ h ^ ch a nb _ ch ì
] cmci h o j q [ l ^ [ fi h a nb _ ` l i h n _ ^ a _ i ` nb _ n_ g j i l [ f b [ cl fch _
$q b c] b D m] l o j o fi o mfs [ pi c^ %* Ob _ ` f[ j cm ] o n ni nb _ ch ] cmci h [ h a f_
do mn [ \ i p _ nb _ ni j i ` nb _ _ [ l q b _ l _ [ e _ s me ch mo no l _ cm j f[ ] _ ^ *
Ob _ _ r ] _ mm `f[ j i p_ l fs ch a nb _ mc^ _ \ o l h cm nb _ h nl cg g _ ^ i `` ch [ h
N)mb [ j _ ^ ^ _ mca h nb [ n g cg c] m nb _ h [ no l [ f mc^ _ \ o l h ] i h ni o l *
Ob _ _ r ] _ mm `f[ j h i q i p_ l f[ j j ch a nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ cm ] o l p _ )] o n i l
mnl [ ca b n)] o n ni nb _ fi q _ l [ h n_ l ci l [ j _ r i ` nb _ nl [ a o m $[ n nb _ ch n_ l )
nl [ a [ f ch ] cmo l [ %( ] l _ [ nch a [ h [ ^ _ k o [ n_ ` f[ h a _ i ` me ch ni _ [ mcfs
^ l [ j _ i p _ l nb _ nl [ a o m*

/ n \ SQY TZO^ RW
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g
Al _ k o _ h nfs ( nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ cm b _ f^ ^ i q h ch [ f_ mm nb [ h c^ _ [ f j i mcnci h
\ s [ nca b n _ [ l fi \ _ fca [ g _ h n $b _ f^ \ s nb _ ` i l ] _ j m ch nb _ j b i ni i h
nb _ f_`n%* R b _ h nb cm i ] ] o l m( nb _ fca [ g _ h n cm ] o n do mn _ h i o a b q cnb
nb _ _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s ni l _ f_ [ m_ nb _ n_ nb _ l _ ^ _ [ l fi \ _ ( ] l _ [ nch a [ fcnnf_
`l _ _ mj [ ] _ o h ^ _ l nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ ch ni q b c] b nb _ ch ` l [ [ o l c] o f[ l me ch
` f[ j cm mfc^ *
< mg [ ff ] l _ m] _ h n i ` me ch o mo [ ffs h _ _ ^ m ni \ _ ] o n i o n ch ` l i h n i `
nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ *

\ SQY ZW
Tb
Ob _ ` f[ j i p _ l f[ j j ch a nb _ ` l i h n i ` nb _ _ [ l cm h i q ` [ h h _ ^ i o n q cnb
F i ] b _ l ] f[ g j m [ h ^ [ ] o n cm g [ ^ _ ni nb _ ni j i ` nb _ nl [ a o m*
Ob _ j i l nci h i ` nb _ ` f[ j nb [ n q cff ^ l [ j _ i p _ l nb _ nl [ a o m cm ` fcj j _ ^
\ [ ] e ( [ h ^ nb _ cl cm m] cmmi l m cm o m_ ^ ni l _ g i p _ ` [ n ` l i g nb cm mg [ ff
nl [ a [ f ` f[ j [ fg i mn ^ i q h ni nb _ ^ _ l g cm* Ob _ _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s fca b nfs
] i [ a o f[ n_ m [ h s mg [ ff \ f_ _ ^ _ l m*

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< 1 ), h s fi h n[ ] e ch a mo no l _ cm j f[ ] _ ^ do mn [ \ i p _ [ h ^ do mn \ _ fi q
nb _ nl [ a o m( [ h ^ [ mg [ ff( ] o l p_ ^ me ch ` f[ j cm ] o n ni ^ l [ j _ i p _ l nb _
nl [ a o m q cnb i o n n_ h mci h * Ob _ _ r ] _ mm ` f[ j i p_ l f[ j j ch a nb _ o j j _ l
_ [ l cm [ fmi nl cg g _ ^ [ q [ s *
Ob _ h nb _ _ h ncl _ j i mn[ o l c] o f[ l [ h ^ j l _ [ o l c] o f[ l ch ] cmci h cm ] fi m_ ^
q cnb [ l o h h ch a ch nl [ ^ _ l g [ f mo no l _ * D o mo [ ffs j o n ch nq i i l nb l _ _
n_ g j i l [ l s n[ ] e ch a mo no l _ m [ fi h a nb _ mo f] o m ] fi mo l _ fch _ ni ^ cpc^ _
nb _ fi h a _ l ` f[ j _ ^ a _ $h i n mb i q h b _ l _ %* R b _ h ] fi mch a [ mo f] o m ch ì
] cmci h ( D [ fq [ s m mn[ l n [ n nb _ ni j i ` nb _ ch ] cmci h \ _ b ch ^ nb _ _ [ l (
l [ nb _ l nb [ h mn[ l nch a ch ` l i h n i ` nb _ _ [ l [ h ^ l o h h ch a nb _ mo no l _ o j ì
q [ l ^ ch \ [ ] e * D#p_ ` i o h ^ nb _ l _ cm f_ mm ] b [ h ] _ i ` q ch ^ ch a o j q cnb [
\ i nb _ l mi g _ j f_ [ n c` D ] fi m_ ` l i g ni j ni \ i nni g [ fi h a nb _ mo f] o m*

\ SQY ZW
Tb
Do m_ [ 0 ), j f[ ch ] [ na o n mo no l _ i h [ n[ j _ l h _ _ ^ f_ ` i l nb _ l o h h ch a
mo \ ] o nc] o f[ l ] fi mo l _ * Nch ] _ nb _ l _ cm h i n_ h mci h i h nb _ ] fi mo l _ ( [
k o c] e )^ cmmi fp ch a mo no l _ q cnb i o n [ fi n i ` n_ h mcf_ mnl _ h a nb cm j _ l ì
` _ ] nfs [ ^ _ k o [ n_ ` i l nb _ di \ [ h ^ [ p i c^ m mj cnnch a mo no l _ m* No \ ] o ì
nc] o f[ l mo no l _ m [ fmi [ pi c^ mo no l _ g [ l e m( [ h ^ [ l _ g i l _ ] i g ` i l nì
[ \ f_ ` i l nb _ j [ nc_ h n [ h ^ nb _ mo l a _ i h [ n mo no l _ l _ g i p[ f ncg _ * J h fs
nb _ _ r n_ l h [ fct _ ^ e h i nm [ n nb _ nq i _ h ^ m i ` nb _ l o h h _ _ ^ ni \ _
mh cj j _ ^ i ` ` [ q _ _ e [ ` n_ l mo l a _ l s * > fi m_ fs mj [ ] _ ^ \ cn_ m [ l _ n[ e _ h
[ fi h a nb _ _ [ l mc^ _ i ` nb _ mo f] o m mo fo l _ fch_( q cnb g i l _ q c^ _ fs
mj [ ] _ ^ \ cn_ m [ fi h a nb _ ` f[ j _ ^ a _ mc^ _ * Ob _ n[ ] e ch a mo no l _ m [ l _ l _ ì
g i p _ ^ [ m Da _ n ni nb _ g * = s nb _ ncg _ nb _ mo no l _ [ l l cp_ m ^ i q h [ n
nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ ( nb _ nq i _ ^ a _ m mb i o f^ \ _ do mn [ \ i o n _ k o [ f ch f_ h a nb *
Q_ l s mg [ ff \ cn_ m [ l _ n[ e _ h i h \ i nb _ ^ a _ m i ` nb _ ch ] cmci h [ m nb _ mo ì
no l _ l i o h ^ m nb _ \ [ m_ i ` nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ *
Ob cm j b i ni !TMN\ " mb i q m nb _ ] i g j f_ n_ ^ j _ l c[ o l c] o f[ l mo no l _ fch _
] fi mo l _ ` i l nb _ ] b _ _ e [ h ^ h _ ] e fc`n o mch a [ fi h a j i mn[ o l c] o f[ l mo fì
] o m ch ] cmci h *
Ob _ mo \ g _ h n[ f ch ] cmci h ] fi mo l _ !ZQOP \ " cm ^ i h _ q cnb [ ` _ q ch n_ l ì
l o j n_ ^ 1 ), Qc] l s f mo \ ] o nc] o f[ l mo no l _ m q cnb \ o l c_ ^ e h i nm( ` i fì
fi q _ ^ \ s [ l o h h ch a 0 ), Kl i f_ h _ ch nl [ ^ _ l g [ f j o ffi o n mo no l _ * <
Qc)ch ] b Nn_ l c)Nnl cj $h i n mb i q h % cm nb _ h [ j j fc_ ^ i p _ l nb _ ch ] cmci h *
J p _ l nb cm Do mo [ ffs j f[ ] _ [ mch a f_ mb i l n mnl cj i ` - )ch ] b H c] l i ` i [ g
n[ j _ nb [ n _ r n_ h ^ m ^ i q h ni nb _ b s i c^ [ h a f_ nb [ n [ j j fc_ m [ fcnnf_
] i g j l _ mmci h i h nb _ mo \ g _ h n[ f ncmmo _ m*

/ n \ SQY TZO^ RW
aaSQbW
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g
D` nb _ l _ cm f[ r me ch mfc^ ch a \ [ ] e q [ l ^ ch ni [ me ch l i ff( nb _ f[ n_l [ f
h _ ] e me ch cm j o ff_ ^ [ h ^ b _ f^ ` i l q [ l ^ $D l _ j _ [ n ` i l q [ l ^ % ni mg i i nb
cn i o n o mch a i h _ i l nq i mnl cj m i ` - )ch ] b H c] l i ` i [ g n[ j _ *
Do m_ [ q l [ j )i h b _ [ ^ [ h ^ h _ ] e a [ o t _ ^ l _ mmch a ( h i n mi g o ] b ` i l
nb _ fca b n ] i g j l _ mmci h cn i ` ` _ l m( \ o n ni [ \ mi l \ i i t ch a ` l i g nb _ mo ì
no l _ fch _ m [ h ^ ni b c^ _ nb _ ch ] cmci h m [ h ^ h _ q \ l o cmch a ` l i g nb _ j [ ì
nc_ h n( ` [ g cfs ( [ h ^ ` l c_ h ^ m ` i l [ ` _ q ^ [ s m* Ob _ ^ l _ mmch a cm [ fmi [
] i h p_ h c_ h n j f[ ] _ ni j ch nb _ b i fmn_ l m ` i l nb _ mo ] nci h ^ l [ ch [ a _
no \ _ m* Ob l _ _ 0 )ch ] b r 4 )ch ] b a [ o t _ mj i h a _ m [ l _ i j _ h _ ^ o j [ h ^
` i f^ _ ^ f_ h a nb q cm_ ni ` i l g fi h a h [ l l i q \ [ h ^ m nb [ n [ l _ j f[ ] _ ^
o h ^ _ l nb _ ] b ch [ h ^ i p _ l nb _ _ [ l m [ h ^ f[ n_l [ f ] b _ _ e m* I _ r n [ ` _ q
0 )ch ] b r 0 )ch ] b a [ o t _ mj i h a _ m [ l _ f[ c^ i p_ l [ h ^ \ _ b ch ^ nb _ _ [ l m*
Ob _ h _ p_ l s nb ch a cm b _ f^ ch j f[ ] _ q cnb i h _ i l nq i F _ l fcr a [ o t _
\ [ h ^ [ a _ l i ffm q l [ j j _ ^ i h ch [ = [ l ni h ^ l _ mmch a ` [ mb ci h *

\ SQY ZW
Tb
@< MGJ = @)= < N@ DI >DNDJ I ? DNN@>ODJ I
Ob _ n_ l g [ ] J U MV\ I T VMKS TQN\ q [ m i l ca ch [ ffs [ j j fc_ ^ ni [ j l i ] _ ì
^ o l _ ch q b c] b nb _ _ h ncl _ i j _ l [ nci h q [ m ^ i h _ nb l i o a b [ mo \ g _ h n[ f
ch ] cmci h * > o l l _ h nfs ( b i q _ p _ l ( D[ fg i mn [ fq [ s m o m_ nb _ mg [ ff _ [ l ì
fi \ _ )\ [ m_ ch ] cmci h ch [ ^ ^ cnci h ni nb _ mo \ g _ h n[ f ch ] cmci h ni `[ ] cfcì
n[ n_ o h ^ _ l g ch ch a i ` nb _ me ch ch nb _ f[ n_l [ f h _ ] e ( [ h ^ ni g [ e _ cn
_ [ mc_ l ni _ r cn nb _ mo ] nci h ^ l [ ch m \ _ b ch ^ nb _ _[ l * D` nb _ m_ fcnnf_ f[ nì
_l [ f [ ] ] _ mmi l s ch ] cmci h m [ l _ o m_ ^ ( cn mb i o f^ \ _ l _ g _ g \ _ l _ ^ nb [ n
i h fs [ mg [ ff ` f[ j l _ nl [ ] ni l ( mo ] b [ m [ N_ h h l _ nl [ ] ni l ( q cff `cn
nb l i o a b nb _ ch ] cmci h ( j l i p c^ ch a p _ l s fcg cn_ ^ pcmc\ cfcns do mn \ _ fi q
nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ * Ob _ l _ ` i l _ [ h s i j _ h mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ` [ n l _ g i p [ f nb [ n cm
^ i h _ ( [ h ^ do mn [ \ i o n [ ff i ` nb _ b _ g i mn[ mcm nb [ n cm l _ k o cl _ ^ o h ^ _ l
nb _ ` f[ j ( g o mn \ _ [ ] ] i g j fcmb _ ^ nb l i o a b nb _ mo \ g _ h n[ f ch ] cmci h * D`
i \ n[ ch ch a b _ g i mn[ mcm o h ^ _ l nb _ ` f[ j \ _ ] i g _ m _ cnb _ l o h ] i g ` i l nì
[ \ f_ i l ^ c` `c] o fn( [ fi h a _ l j i mn[ o l c] o f[ l mo f] o m ch ] cmci h mb i o f^ \ _
g [ ^ _ ni j _ l g cn [ ^ _ k o [ n_ ^ cl _ ] n pcmo [ f [ ] ] _ mm o h ^ _ l nb _ f[ n_l [ f
`f[ j * @r n_ h ^ ch a [ h _ [ l fi \ _ )\ [ m_ ch ] cmci h cm h i n [ h [ ^ g cmmci h i `
^ _ ` _ [ n( \ o n [ mca h i ` a i i ^ do ^ a g _ h n* Dh ` [ ] n( D o mo [ ffs g [ l e [ h ^
ch d_ ] n q cnb fi ] [ f [ h _ mnb _ nc] [ nb l _ _ )k o [ l n_ l f_ h a nb mo f] o m ch ] cmci h
q b _ h D j f[ h ni o m_ [ h _ [ l fi \ _ )\ [ m_ ch ] cmci h do mn ch ] [ m_ D ^ _ ] c^ _
ni _ r n_ h ^ nb _ ch ] cmci h ^ o l ch a mo l a _ l s *
R b _ h nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ )\ [ m_ ch ] cmci h m [ l _ o m_ ^ ( D ^ i nb _ \ fch ^ ^ cmm_ ] ì
nci h ` l i g nb _ m_ f[ n_ l [ f ch ] cmci h m ` cl mn( \ _ ` i l _ ^ i ch a nb _ ^ cmm_ ] ì
nci h nb l i o a b nb _ mo \ g _ h n[ f ch ] cmci h ( \ _ ] [ o m_ nb _ [ h n_ l i f[ n_ l [ f
h _ ] e ^ cmm_ ] nci h cm _ [ mc_ l ni ^ i ` l i g nb _ \ [ m_ i ` nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ m nb [ h
cn cm ` l i g o h ^ _ l nb _ ] b ch * Dn cm nb _ h [ mcg j f_ g [ nn_ l ni di ch nb _ ] _ h ì
nl [ f h _ ] e ^ cmm_ ] nci h q cnb nb _ nq i mc^ _ j i ] e _ nm* Ob _ mo \ g _ h n[ f
^ cmm_ ] nci h n_ ] b h ck o _ cm nb _ m[ g _ [ m q [ m mb i q h [ \ i p_ * C i q _ p _ l (
c` [ h s f[ n_l [ f h _ ] e ^ _ ` [ nnch a cm ^ i h _ nb l i o a b nb _ mo \ g _ h n[ f ch ] cì
mci h ( Do m_ nb _ fi h a _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s [ h ^ nb _ fi h a ` i l ] _ j m ni j o ff)
[ h ^ )j _ _ c fcnnf_ mnl cj m i ` ` [ n ` l i g nb _ f[ n_l [ f j f[ ns mg [ ( l [ nb _ l nb [ h
o mch a fi h a m] cmmi l m ` i l nb cm( mi nb [ n D ] [ h g [ ch n[ ch b _ g i mn[ mcm
q b _ l _ cn g ca b n \ _ ^ c` ` c] o fn ni m_ _ [ h ^ m_ [ f \ f_ _ ^ ch a p _ mm_ fm ch nb _
j f[ ns mg [ g o m] f_ *

/ n \ SQY TZO^ RW
aaSQbW
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^ SQb] [
g
Ob _
- *1
] g _ [ l fi \ _ )\ [ m_ ch ] cmci h
^ i _ m h i n _ r n_ h ^ ch ` l i h n i ` nb _ _ [ l ì
fi \ _ [ m nb _ i nb _ l mo f] o m ch ] cmci h m ^ i *
Ob _ ch ] cmci h cm i h fs fca b nfs m] i l _ ^
q cnb [ m] [ fj _ f* Ob _ h q cnb nb _ nb o g \
[ h ^ ch ^ _ r ` ch a _ l i ` g s f_`n b [ h ^ j o mb ì
ch a nb _ _ ^ a _ m [ j [ l n( D o m_ nb _ g c] l i ì
ncj ] [ o n_ l s ni ] i [ a o ] o n nb l i o a b nb _
^ _ l g cm l [ nb _ l nb [ h ] o nnch a ch ni nb _
mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ncmmo _ q cnb m] [ fj _ f i l
m] cmmi l m
\ _ ] [ o m_
nb _
me ch
_ ^ a _ m
[ l i o h ^ nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ n_ h ^ ni \ f_ _ ^ j _ l ì
mcmn_ h nfs o h f_ mm nb _ s b [ p_ \ _ _ h q _ ff
] [ o n_ l ct _ ^ *
< . ), mcfe nl [ ] nci h mo no l _ cm ch m_ l n_ ^ ch ni nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ q cnb [ b _ g i mn[ n [ nn[ ] b _ ^
ni no a nb _ fi \ _ i o n i ` nb _ q [ s * R cnb ` i l ] _ j m fc`ncha i h nb _ me ch _ ^ a _ ( nb _ h _ _ ^ f_ )
ncj ] [ o n_ l s ] i [ a o ] o nm do mn o h ^ _ l nb _ me ch ch ni nb _ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ncmmo _ m [ m
` [ l \ _ fi q [ h ^ ch ` l i h n i ` nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ [ m cm m[ ` _ fs j i mmc\ f_ q cnb i o n l cme ch a ch ì
do l s ni nb _ me ch ã q b c] b cm o mo [ ffs - i l . ] g i o n* Ob _ ` [ l nb _ l D ] [ h ^ cmm_ ] n q cnb
nb _ ] [ o n_ l s ( nb _ f_ mm ] b [ h ] _ nb _ l _ cm i ` m] cmmi l o h ^ _ l g ch ch a b _ l _ ] [ o mch a b [ l ^ )
ni )m_ _ \ f_ _ ^ ch a ch nb _ p[ m] o f[ l mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ncmmo _ mo l l i o h ^ ch a nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ *
= _ b ch ^ nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ ( nb cm mo j _ l ` c] c[ f ^ cmm_ ] nci h n[ e _ m g _ ch ni [ nb ch f[ s _ l i ` [ l _ i ì
f[ l ncmmo _ * = _ fi q nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ ( nb cm chcnc[ f ^ cmm_ ] nci h cm do mn mo j _ l ` c] c[ f ni nb _ q b cn_
`c\ _ l m i ` nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ fca [ g _ h n* Dh ` l i h n i ` nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ ( nb _ ] [ o n_ l s ncj _ h n_ l m nb _
mo j _ l ` c] c[ f mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m `[ n*

\ SQY ZW
Tb
Ob _ h nb _ fcnnf_ cl cm m] cmmi l m mh cj [ h ^ j o mb )] o n do mn o h ^ _ l nb _ me ch ch [ ff ^ cl _ ] ì
nci h m [ m ` [ l [ m nb _ m] cmmi l ncj m q cff l _ [ ] b ^ i q h q [ l ^ [ h ^ ` i l q [ l ^ * Nch ] _ _ [ l ì
fi \ _ )\ [ m_ ch ] cmci h m [ l _ o m_ ^ ch j [ nc_ h nm q cnb h _ ] e m nb [ n ^ i h i n l _ k o cl _ [ h i j _ h
f[ n_l [ f h _ ] e fcj _ ] ni g s ( nb _ \ fch ^ f[ n_l [ f m] cmmi l ^ cmm_ ] nci h ] [ h \ _ ( [ h ^ mb i o f^
\ _ ( k o cn_ mo j _ l ` c] c[ f( \ _ ] [ o m_ nb _ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ` [ n ^ _ _ j ni nb _ f_ p_ f i ` ^ cmm_ ] ì
nci h q cff \ _ j l _ m_ l p _ ^ ( h i n l _ g i p _ ^ * P h ^ _ l g ch ch a do mn o h ^ _ l nb _ me ch cm ^ i h _
ni [ p i c^ [ h ch [ ^ p _ l n_ h n j _ h _ nl [ nci h i ` nb _ j f[ ns mg [ g o m] f_ nb [ n ] i o f^ ch ì
do l _ [ h ch ` l [ g [ h ^ c\ o f[ l ` [ ] c[ f h _ l p _ \ l [ h ] b ( i l nb _ a l _ [ n [ o l c] o f[ l h _ l p _ ( i l
nb _ _ r n_ l h [ f do a o f[ l p _ ch *
Al i g nb _ ch ] cmci h \ _ b ch ^ nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ ( nb _ m] cmmi l m ] [ h _ [ mcfs l _ [ ] b [ l i o h ^ ni
nb _ ` l i h n i ` nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ [ \ i p _ nb _ d[ q fch _ ( mn[ l nch a nb _ ^ cmm_ ] nci h ch ni nb _ f[ nì
_ l [ f fi q _ l ] b _ _ e *

7 i \ SQY TZO^ RW
a a SQbW
] \ O\ R a c PQc bO\ S] c a ZW
^ SQ8 ] [ g
Dh g i mn ] [ m_ m( [ ` n_ l D b [ p _ ^ cmm_ ] n_ ^ [ m ` [ l [ m D ] [ h q cnb nb _ fcnnf_
cl cm m] cmmi l m( D ^ i nb _ l _ mn i ` nb _ ^ cmm_ ] nci h nb l i o a b nb _ m o \ ì
g _ h n[ f ch ] cmci h * C i q _ p _ l ( i ] ] [ mci h [ ffs D ch m_ l n nb _ H _ nt _ h \ [ o g
m] cmmi l m nb l i o a b nb _ fcnnf_ _ [ l fi \ _ \ [ m_ ch ] cmci h [ h ^ _ r n_ h ^ nb _
^ cmm_ ] nci h ^ i q h q [ l ^ [ h ^ ` i l q [ l ^ * D j ch ] b [ h ^ j o ff nb _ me ch ch
` l i h n i ` nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ \ [ ] e q [ l ^ q cnb nb _ ch ^ _ r ` ch a _ l [ h ^
n b o g \ i ` g s f_ ` n b [ h ^ ` i l ] i o h n_ l nl [ ] nci h q b cf_ D mj l _ [ ^ [ h ^
] o n q cnb nb _ m] cmmi l m*
< n nb _ _ h ^ i ` nb _ mo l a _ l s ( nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ )\ [ m_ ch ] cmci h m [ l _ k o c] e fs
] fi m_ ^ q cnb [ l o h h ch a 0 ), j f[ ch ] [ na o n ch nl [ ^ _ l g [ f mo no l _ *

\ SQY ZW
TS
J > > DK DO< G C < DM )@? B @ DI > DNDJ I
Ob _ ch ] cmci h cm ^ l [ q h [ ` _ q g cffcg _ n_ l m \ _ b ch ^ nb _ b [ cl _ ^ a _
] _ j b [ fc] [ ffs [ h ^ mi g _ q b [ n ` [ l nb _ l \ _ b ch ^ nb _ b [ cl fch _ ] [ o ^ [ ffs *
R cnb nb _ m] [ fj _ f [ fg i mn `f[ n [ a [ ch mn nb _ b _ [ ^ ( GÐ D EË ĊEFEĒ Ë EF Ĉ
F Ð Ĉ Ĕ D ÊH Č D Ğ D ÊĪĊĜ G GĒ Ĕ ĘD F D ĘĞ D GÐ D Ð Ĉ EĘ ĎĒ ÊÊEĊÊD F ch nb _ `[ n [ fi h a
nb _ ` l i h n i ` nb _ ch ] cmci h *
C FEË Đ GÐ D D ÊD Ċ GĘĒ Ċ Ĉ Ĝ GD ĘH Ħ Ä D ÊD Ğ Ĉ GD GÐ D ĎÊĈ Ĕ ÈĜ F G FĜ Ĕ D ĘĎEĊ EĈ Ê GĒ
GÐ D Ě Ĉ FGĒ EÇ ĎĈ F Ċ EĈ Í < n ` cl mn Db i f^ nb _ `f[ j q cnb nb _ mg [ ff ` i l ] _ j m*
C i q _ p _ l ( D mi i h a l [ mj nb _ `f[ j q cnb g s ` ch a _ l m ni fc`n cn g i l _
` i l ] _ `o ffs * D o mo [ ffs e _ _ j g s nb o g \ ] fi m_ ni nb _ \ [ m_ i ` nb _ `f[ j (
q b c] b b _ fj m g _ j _ _ f cn \ [ ] e m[ ` _ fs [ m D ] i [ a o ] o n q cnb nb _ ] [ o n_ l s
^ i q h ni nb _ f_ p_ f i ` nb _ _ [ l fi \ _ i l do mn \ _ s i h ^ * Ob _ h D mq cn] b ni
m] cmmi l ^ cmm_ ] nci h ( i l ^ cmm_ ] nci h q cnb nb _ fi h a g c] l i ncj _ f_ ] nl i ì
] [ o n_ l s ( ni ^ _ p_ fi j nb _ l _ mn i ` nb _ `f[ j *

/ i \ SQY TZO^ RW
a a SQbW
] \ O\ R a c PQc bO\ S] c a ZW
^ SQb] [
g
Dh [ ] i g \ ch _ ^ ] b _ _ e )h _ ] e fc`n( [ ` n_ l nb _ ] b _ _ e [ h ^ h _ ] e ^ l [ ch m
b [ p _ \ _ _ h ch m_ l n_ ^ ( [ h ^ [ ` n_ l nb _ ] b _ _ e ` f[ j b [ m \ _ _ h [ h ] b i l _ ^
q cnb nb _ ^ _ _ j ` cr [ nci h mo no l _ ch ` l i h n i ` nb _ o j j _ l _ [ l ( D \ _ a ch ] fi ì
mo l _ i ` nb _ i ] ] cj cn[ f b [ cl )_ ^ a _ ch ] cmci h * O b _ g [ mni c^ me ch ` f[ j cm
j o ff_ ^ mnl [ ca b n \ [ ] e q [ l ^ [ h ^ [ n[ ] e ch a mo no l _ cm j f[ ] _ ^ [ n nb _
b ca b _ mn j i ch n i ` nb _ ch ] cmci h [ n nb _ b [ cl fch _ * J ` n_ h [ m _ ] i h ^ n_ g ì
j i l [ l s mo no l _ cm [ fmi j f[ ] _ ^ [ n nb _ b ca b _ mn j i ch n ch nb _ j i mn[ o l c] ì
o f[ l mo f] o m ch ] cmci h $h i n m b i q h %*
O b _ _ [ l fi \ _ cm g i g _ h n[ l cfs no ] e _ ^ o h ^ _ l nb _ ` f[ j ( nb _ ] [ o ^ [ fg i mn
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nb _ l _ * Ob _ _ [ l fi \ _ mb i o f^ h i n \ _ ch m_ n [ h n_ l ci l ni nb _ NZWV\ TQVM i `
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q cnb [ 1 ), Qc] l s f mo \ ] o nc] o f[ l mo no l _ * = _ ] [ o m_ nb _ l _ cm [ \ mi fo n_ fs
h i n_ h mci h [ j j fc_ ^ ni nb _ `f[ j [ n nb cm j i ch n( GÐ D ĘD EF ËĒ ĘD Ĉ FĒ Ë GĒ
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mfca b nfs ` i l q [ l ^ * D nl cg nb _ ` f[ j q cnb nb _ mg [ ff cl cm m] cmmi l m ã \ _ p _ fì
ch a nb _ ] o n ` i l q [ l ^ ni nb ch nb _ me ch nb [ n q cff fc_ i p _ l nb _ mcg cf[ l fs
\ _ p _ f)] o n i ] ] cj cn[ f b [ cl _ ^ a _ * D nb _ h ch m_ l n [ ` _ q 1 ), Qc] l s f m o \ ] o ì
nc] o f[ l mo no l _ m [ fi h a nb _ b [ cl )_ ^ a _ fch _ ( [ fnb i o a b b _ l _ ni i nb _ l _ cm
fcnnf_ n_ h mci h i h nb _ ] fi mo l _ *
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cmb _ ^ q cnb [ l o h h ch a 0 ), j f[ ch ] [ na o n ch nl [ ^ _ l g [ f mo no l _ * P h fce _
nb _ ] fi mo l _ i ` [ fi h a mo f] o m ch ] cmci h ( q b _ l _ D [ fq [ s m mn[ l n [ n nb _
ni j i ` nb _ ch ] cmci h \ _ b ch ^ nb _ _ [ l [ h ^ l o h nb _ mo no l _ ^ i q h q [ l ^
ni [ p i c^ j f_ [ nch a ( q b _ h D ] fi m_ [ h i ] ] cj cn[ f b [ cl )_ ^ a _ ch ] cmci h (
j f_ [ nch a cm h _ p _ l [ j l i \ f_ g \ _ ] [ o m_ nb _ mf[ ] e ch nb _ ` f[ j b [ m \ _ _ h
_ r ] cm_ ^ * Ob _ l _ ` i l _ D ] fi m_ nb _ i ] ] cj cn[ f ch ] cmci h b i q _ p _ l cn cm g i mn
] i h p _ h c_ h n ` i l g _ ã q b c] b cm o mo [ ffs ` l i h n ni \ [ ] e i h nb _ j [ ì
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[ fmi b _ fj ` o f ch j l _ p _ h nch a [ g c^ fch _ b i ffi q i l mi g _ i nb _ l ] i h ì
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i l nb _ l _ f_ [ m_ i l l _ m_ ] nci h i ` nb _ \ l c^ a ch a j _ l cb s i c^ ` c\ l i o m ncmì
mo _ m i l [ h n_ l ci l ^ ca [ mnl c] g o m] f_ m( i l [ `n_ l [ j [ l nc[ f l _ m_ ] nci h
i ` [ f[ l a _ mo \ g [ h ^ c\ o f[ l m[ fcp[ l s a f[ h ^ * D[ fmi o m_ cn ni ] i p _ l
[ h ^ mi ` n_ h nb _ ] i h ni o l m i ` nb _ nb s l i c^ ] [ l ncf[ a _ ( ni no ] e [ q [ s
[ mg [ ff mo \ g [ h ^ c\ o f[ l m[ fcp[ l s a f[ h ^ ( i l ni ] i l l _ ] n g o m] f_ ^ _ ì
` _ ] nm j l i ^ o ] _ ^ \ s [ j l _ p ci o m j f[ ns mg [ j f[ mns *
Ai l nb _ j [ mn . , s _ [ l m Db [ p _ ` i o h ^ nb _ ] i l m_ n ni \ _ \ i nb p _ l m[ ì
ncf_ [ h ^ l _ fc[ \ f_ * D q i o f^ fce _ cn ni q i l e [ m q _ ff ` i l s i o * Oi g [ e _
nb [ n b [ j j _ h ( b i q _ p _ l ( GÐ D Ĕ ÊĈ GH F Ě Ĉ Ð Ĉ F GĒ Č D Ĕ ĘD Ĕ Ĉ ĘD Ç
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] b [ j n_ l D#ff ^ _ m] l c\ _ [ h ^ cffo mnl [ n_ nb i m_ n_ ] b h c] [ f ^ _ n[ cfm* Acl mn
D#^ fce _ ni j f[ ] _ nb _ ] i l m_ n ch cnm j l i j _ l b cmni l c] [ f ] i h n_ r n*
OC @ C DNOJ MT J A KG< OTNH < KG< NOT
Dh nb _ b cmni l s i ` h _ ] e fc`nch a ( ` cl mn nb _ l _ q _ l _ me ch _ r ] cmci h m(
` i ffi q _ ^ \ s mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m `[ n _ r nl [ ] nci h m( [ h ^ nb _ h g i ^ c` c] [ ì
nci h m ni nb _ j f[ ns mg [ * Ob _ [ \ l c^ a _ ^ ] b l i h i fi a s i ` j f[ ns mg [ ì
j f[ mns nb [ n ` i ffi q m ` i ] o m_ m i h n_ ] b h ck o _ m ` i l l _ ] i h ` ca o l ch a
nb _ g o m] f_ * H _ nb i ^ m ` i l [ fn_ l ch a g o m] f_ ` o h ] nci h ( mo ] b [ m
] b _ g c] [ f i l mo l a c] [ f ^ _ h _ l p[ nci h ( [ l _ h i n ch ] fo ^ _ ^ b _ l _ *

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Ē Ĝ ĘĐ Ĝ D GİĹ i ` Al [ h ] _ q [ m nb _ ` cl mn ni ^ _ m] l c\ _ [ mo l a c] [ f g i ^ c` c] [ nci h i `
nb _ j f[ ns mg [ ã nb _ ^ cpcmci h i ` j l i g ch _ h n g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ n_ h ^ i h m nb l i o a b
[ mo \ g _ h n[ f ch ] cmci h *
Ķ N Ĺ Ł
Ē Ĝ ĘĐ Ĝ D GİL j i ch n_ ^ i o n nb [ n [ mcg j f_ \ [ ] e q [ l ^ nca b n_ h ch a i ` nb _ h _ ] e
me ch i h fs n_ g j i l [ l cfs cg j l i p_ ^ j [ l [ g _ ^ c[ h g o m] f_ ] i l ^ m* C _ [ ^ pi ] [ n_ ^
[ nl [ h m_ ] nci h i ` [ ff pcmc\ f_ j f[ ns mg [ \ [ h ^ m nb l i o a b mg [ ff i p_ l fs ch a me ch
ch ] cmci h m o mch a [ ` ch _ i ] o f[ l m] [ fj _ f* $< [ MZQI T VW\ KP QVO i ` j f[ ns mg [
\ [ h ^ m q i o f^ [ a [ ch \ _ [ ^ pi ] [ n_ ^ \ s N[ s f[ h -,& ch . , , - *%
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Ą Ĉ Ç Đ D GG ĈË Ç Ǽ GD Ĕ Ð D Ë F D Ë İF i j _ l [ nci h 44 ` i l ^ i o \ f_ ] b ch ch ] fo ^ _ ^ [
mo j l [ b s i c^ j fc] [ nci h i ` nb _ j f[ ns mg [ *
ĶNŁĶ
ÁĒ Ě Ē Ë D G ĈÊĬ Ĺ mo a a _ mn_ ^ nb [ n ` c\ l i mcm i ` nb _ j f[ ns mg [ ] i h nl c\ o n_ m ni
h _ ] e q l ch e fch a * Ob _ s j l i j i m_ ^ nq i j f[ ns mg [ ` f[ j mã [ h [ h n_ l ci l g o m] f_
`f[ j [ h ^ [ j i mn_ l ci l g o m] f_ `f[ j ( _ [ ] b f_ `n j [ l nc[ ffs [ nn[ ] b _ ^ ni nb _ i p _ l )
fs ch a me ch [ h ^ _ [ ] b l i n[ n_ ^ [ h ^ [ ^ p [ h ] _ ^ ni mg i i nb nb _ h _ ] e *
ĶN ŁĽ
Ç Ĉ Ě FĒ Ë D G ĈÊİ _ g j b [ mct _ ^ nb _ cg j i l n[ h ] _ i ` o j j _ l g c^ fch _ j f[ ns mg [
cg \ l c] [ nci h ( [ fi h a q cnb [ q c^ _ nl [ h mp_ l m_ _ ffcj nc] [ f me ch _ r ] cmci h ni ] i l ì
l _ ] n nb _ no l e _ s )a i \ \ f_ l ^ _ ` i l g cns *
Ĝ ĎĘEĊ Ð GĽ ^ _ m] l c\ _ ^ [ j fc] [ nci h i ` nb _ f[ n_ l [ f j f[ ns mg [ ni nb _ g [ mni c^
` [ m] c[ ( [ g [ h _ o p_ l f[ n_ l _ h ^ i l m_ ^ \ s B o _ l l _ l i m[ h ni m ch - 5 3 - å [ h ^
= [ e _ l ( B i l ^ i h ( [ h ^ R b cnfi q ch - 53 / *É
Ķ N Ł N
Ǽ É Ē Ē Đ İKK j l _ m_ h n_ ^ [ i h _ )f[ s _ l fc`n i ` h _ ] e me ch ( mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m `[ n( [ h ^
j f[ ns mg [ g o m] f_ _ f_ p[ n_ ^ nb l i o a b nb _ f[ n_ l [ f ` [ ] _ )h _ ] e fc`n ch ] cmci h * Ob _
] i g j i o h ^ ` f[ j q [ m j o ff_ ^ \ [ ] e q [ l ^ [ h ^ nb _ h [ h ] b i l _ ^ ni nb _ g [ mni c^
` [ m] c[ *
ĶNĿĶ
 Ĝ D ĘĘD ĘĒ FĈ Ë GĒ F MIJ l _ j i l n_ ^ nb _ o m_ i ` mj [ h h ch a mo no l _ m \ _ nq _ _ h nb _
j [ l [ g _ ^ c[ h o j j _ l j f[ ns mg [ [ h ^ nb _ cj mcf[ n_ l [ f g [ mni c^ ` [ m] c[ ã [ g _ nb i ^
b _ b [ ^ \ _ a o h ni o m_ ch - 5 2 3 * R _ \ mn_ l _ n [ fç 4 f[ n_ l l _ j i l n_ ^ [ mcg cf[ l
n_ ] b h ck o _ *
A Ē Ë Ë D ÊÊĶĿ j l _ m_ h n_ ^ [ ` o ff)q c^ nb j f[ ns mg [ nl [ h m_ ] nci h * < ` n_ l [ mn[ \ cfct ch a
g c^ fch _ mo j l [ b s i c^ [ j j l i r cg [ nci h ( nb _ mo j _ l ci l fs \ [ m_ ^ g o m] f_ `f[ j m
q _ l _ j o ff_ ^ \ [ ] e q [ l ^ [ h ^ o j q [ l ^ $l _ j i l n_ ^ ch [ ] i g g o h c] [ nci h \ s
M_ _ m [ h ^ < mni h ch - 5 3 3 %*5,
Ć D EFĚ Ĉ Ë Ï Î j o \ fcmb _ ^ [ U)j f[ mns i ` nb _ mo j l [ b s i c^ j f[ ns mg [ ^ i h _ nb l i o a b
nb _ mo \ g _ h n[ f ch ] cmci h ni [ pi c^ nb _ p_ l nc] [ f \ l c^ a ch a [ ] l i mm nb _ ] _ l pc] i ì
g _ h n[ f [ h a f_ nb [ n q [ m mi g _ ncg _ m m_ _ h [ ` n_ l [ h o j j _ l g c^ fch _ j fc] [ nci h *
4 WV\ QV] ML

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- 5 3 .
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\ i l ^ _ l m ch [ h [ nn_ g j n ni j l _ p_ h n l _] o l l _hn \ [ h ^ m* =_`i l _ nb [ n( H cff[ l^
b[ ^ l _ mi l n_ ^ ni mcg j f_ ^ cpcmci h i ` nb _ m_ \ [ h ^ m*
- 5 3 /
M_ _ m54 ^ _ m] l c\ _ ^ [ p_lnc] [ f `i f^ ch a [ h^ j fc] [ nci h i ` i h _ j f[ ns mg [ _ ^ a _
i p_ l nb _ i nb _ l ni ] i l l _ ] n j [ l [ g _ ^ c[ h g o m] f_ \ [ h ^ m nb l i o a b _cnb_l [
nl [ h mp_ l m_ i l O)mb [ j _ ^ mo \ g _ h n[ f ch] cmci h*
B o _ l l _ l i m[ h ni m1É l _ j i l n_ ^ bcm o m_ i ` [ j [ cl i ` mo j _ l ci l fs \ [ m_ ^ [ h ^ ch ì
`_l ci l fs \ [ m_ ^ g o m] f_ `f[ j m ] o n ` l i g nb_ o j j _ l j f[ ns mg [ \ i l ^ _ l m q b c] b
q _ l _ l i n[ n_^ f[ n_l[ ffs( [ h ^ [ h ] b i l _ ^ ni nb _ g [ mni c^ `[ m] c[ o mch a mj [ h ì
hch a mo no l _ mã [ n_ ] b h ck o _ b_ m[ c^ nb[ n b_ `cl mn nlc_^ ch - 52 4*
- 5 3 0
K_ n_ l mi h 5# j l _ m_ h n_ ^ [ j [ l nc[ f)q c^ nb G)mb [ j _ ^ f[ n_l[ f j f[ ns mg [ nl [ h m_ ] ì
nci h( q cnb [ j i mn_ l ci l g o m] f_ j off)\ [ ] e ( ] i g \ ch _ ^ q cnb [ h o j j _ l g c^ fch_
j fc] [ nci h*
- 5 3 2
= [ e _ l 4 [ ^ pi ] [ n_ ^ [ g _^ c[ f l _ m_] nci h i ` o j j _ l j f[ ns mg [ \ [ h ^ m( [ fi h a
q cnb [ fi q j [ l nc[ f)q c^ nb g _^ c[ f g o m] f_ nl [ h m_ ] nci h ( [ h ^ [ f[ n_l[ f g o m] f_
j fc] [ nci h*
- 5 3 3
J q mf_ s 41 `cl mn l _ j i l n_ ^ bcm g i ^ c`c] [ nci h i ` nb _ i h _ )f[ s _ l Ne i i a g _ nb i ^ (
q b c] b [ ` _ q s _ [ l m f[ n_l $- 5 4 / %44 q i o f^ ch ] fo ^ _ [ ` o ff)q c^ nb j f[ ns mg [
nl [ h m_ ] nci h ^ i h _ `l i g nb _ o h ^ _ l mc^ _ i ` nb _ ] i g j i o h ^ g o m] o fi ] o n[ ì
h _ i o m `f[ j pc[ nb _ f[ n_l[ f h _ ] e ch] cmci h `i l ] i l l _ ] nci h i ` j f[ ns mg [ \ [ h ^ m
[ h ^ ^ _`ch cnci h i ` nb _ ] _ l pc] i g [ h ^ c\ o f[ l [ ha f_*
- 5 3 4
B o _ l l _ l i m[ h ni m/4 l _ j i l n_ ^ nb _ o m_ i ` fi h a p_ l nc] [ ffs i l c_ hn_ ^ mo j _ l ci l fs
\ [ m_ ^ g _ ^ c[ f g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ `f[ j m nb [ n q _ l _ l i n[ n_^ f[ n_l[ ffs [ h ^ [ h ] b i l _ ^
ni _cnb_l nb _ g [ mni c^ `[ m] c[ i l nb _ ] b _ _ e NH < Nã [ g _ nb i ^ b_ i l ca ch[ n_^
ch - 5 3 1 *
- 5 3 5
Qcmnh _ m [ h ^ Ni o nb _ l ##0 mo a a _ mn_ ^ nb[ n f[ n_l[ f g o m] f_ nl [ h m_ ] nci h [ h ^ f[ nì
_l[ f j f[ mns g [ j o ff)\ [ ] e q _ l _ o h h _ ] _ mm[ l s `i l nb_ ] l _[ nci h i ` [ g o m] f_
mfcha [ h ^ `i l ] i l l _ ] nci h i ` j [ l [ g _ ^ c[ h g o m] f_ \ [ h ^ m* Ob _ s l _ ] i g g _ h ^ _ ^
[ j j l i r cg [ nci h i ` nb _ o j j _ l \ i l ^ _ l m i ` nb_ j f[ ns mg [ `l i g nb _ ] bch ni nb_
bs i c^ o mch a [ mb i l n p_lnc] [ f l i q i ` chn_ll oj n_^ mo nol _ m ni mcg of[ n_ [ h [ no ì
l[ f mo \ g _ h n[ f ^ _ ] o mm[ nci h c` [ ^ _] o mm[ nci h q _ l _ `i o h ^ ni \ _ [ \ m_ h n7 [ h^
[ fcg cn_^ mo \ g _ h n[ f g c^fch_ cg \ lc] [ nci h ni `o l nb _l nca bn_ h nb _ g o m] f_
q b _ h ^ _ ] o mm[ nci h q [ m j l _m_hn* < j [ l nc[ f)q c^ nb g _^ c[ f g o m] f_ nl [ hm_] nci h
q [ m [ fmi ^ i h _ ch mi g _ ] [ m_ m( \ o n ch [ mo \ m_ k o _ h n - 5 4 / j o\ fc] [ nci h(
nb_ m_ [ o nb i l m l _j i l n_ ^ nb[ n nb _ s b [ ^ [ \ [ h ^ i h _ ^ g o m] f_ nl [ h m_ ] nci h *-(4

" n Q] `a S b ^ ZObga [
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F GĒ Ë Ĺ [ ^ pi ] [ n_ ^ l _ m_ ] nci h i ` [ g _ ^ c[ f q _ ^ a _ i ` j f[ ns mg [ do mn \ _ fi q
nb _ mo j l [ b s i c^ g c^ fch _ [ j j l i r cg [ nci h ni \ l _ [ e nb _ \ i q )mnl o h a g o m] f_
\ [ h ^ m*
ĶNMĶ
Ā Ĉ H D KŁ [ ^ pi ] [ n_ ^ [ h o j j _ l g c^ fch _ j fc] [ nci h ( [ fi h a q cnb [ g _ ^ c[ f [ h ^ f[ nì
_ l [ f j [ l nc[ f)q c^ nb nl [ h m_ ] nci h ( f_ [ pch a [ h o h ] o n ] _ h nl [ f g o m] f_ m_ a g _ h n*
Ķ N M M
Á D ÊÇ Ě Ĉ Ë ĽL ` cl mn j l _ m_ h n_ ^ nb _ ] i l m_ n j f[ ns mg [ j f[ mns ( q b c] b q [ m mo \ m_ ì
k o _ h nfs j o \ fcmb _ ^ ch - 5 5 , *ç R cnb nb cm g _ nb i ^ ( nb _ nq i g o m] f_ m q _ l _
g [ ^ _ ch ni i h _ ( [ h ^ nb _ h ` o l nb _ l ] ch ] b _ ^ [ h ^ mb [ j _ ^ *
ĶNNĶ
 EĈ Ě Ĕ Ĉ Ĕ Ĉ Ĩ j l _ m_ h n_ ^ nb _ o m_ i ` ] l cmm] l i mm_ ^ mfch a mo no l _ m ` l i g nb _
g _ ^ c[ f j f[ ns mg [ _ ^ a _ m [ n nb _ b s i c^ f_ p_ f ni nb _ ] i h nl [ f[ n_ l [ f g [ mni c^
` [ m] c[ *
ĶN N M
ÁĜ D Ë GD Ç DÊ A Ĉ Ě Ĕ Ē ĽĻ l _ j i l n_ ^ nb _ b [ g g i ] e j f[ ns mg [ j f[ mns ( [ h i p_ l ì
f[ j j ch a L W] J TM%J ZMI [ \ ML RI KS M\ ns j _ i ` g c^ fch _ g o m] f_ j fc] [ nci h ( ] i g ì
\ ch ch a nb _ - 5 3 / g _ nb i ^ i ` M_ _ m44 [ h ^ nb _ - 5 5 -
mo mj _ h mci h mo no l _
g _ nb i ^ i ` B c[ g j [ j [ (4, \ o n o mch a [ mo no l _ j [ mm_ l ni ] l cmm] l i mm nb _ mj [ h ì
h ch a mo no l _ m ` l i g nb _ g _ ^ c[ f j f[ ns mg [ _ ^ a _ m ni nb _ ] i h nl [ f[ n_ l [ f g [ mì
ni c^ ` [ m] c[ *
L K K Ĺ
Æ Ĉ Ě EĘD ĤNĻ ^ _ m] l c\ _ ^ [ nq i )q [ s \ [ ] e )[ h ^ )` i l nb ^ i o \ f_ )[ l g _ ^ mo mj _ h ì
mci h mo no l _ nb [ n mn[ l nm [ n nb _ g c^ fch _ i h _ [ ] b mc^ _ ( cm nb _ h q i p _ h
nb l i o a b nb _ j f[ mns g [ ni nb _ g [ mni c^ ` [ m] c[ ( nb _ h cm q i p _ h \ [ ] e ni nb _
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p_ l nc] [ f fch _ m ^ l i j j _ ^ ^ i q h ` l i g nb _ ` l i h n i ` \ i nb _ [ l fi \ _ m
ni [ ` ` i l ^ mo ` ` c] c_ h n l i i g ni m_ _ [ h ^ q i l e * H _ ^ c[ f j f[ ns mg [ )
me ch [ ^ p [ h ] _ g _ h n [ ] ] i g j [ h s ch a ` [ \ l c] [ nci h i ` nb _ ] i l m_ n
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= _ a ch h ch a Ġ EGÐ GÐ D ĎEĘF G FĜ GĜ ĘD Ħ [ ff g o m] f_ \ cn_ m [ l _ n[ e _ h
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F D Ĉ Ě Í
ÄË GD ĘĘĜ Ĕ GD Ç FĜ GĜ ĘD F Ĉ ĘD Ë ĒG Ĝ FD Ç ` i l nb _ g c^ fch _ m_ [ g *
Ob _ s n_ h ^ ni _ p_ l n nb _ _ ^ a _ m( i l nb _ s f_ [ p_ \ o g j m \ _ nq _ _ h
mo no l _ m( [ h ^ ni i ` _ q mo no l _ m n_ h ^ ni \ _ o m_ ^ ã j i mmc\ fs
] i h nl c\ o nch a ni [ j _ l mcmn_ h n g c^ fch _ l c^ a _ *
î
< ĘĜ Ë Ë EË Đ FĜ GĜ ĘD ] l _ [ n_ m [ mg i i nb ( n[ cfi l )g [ ^ _ ( ch p_ l n_ ^
m_ [ g ( [ ffi q ch a nb _ mo l a _ i h ni _ [ mcfs [ ^ ^ mo no l _ m q b _ l _ p _ l
h _ _ ^ _ ^ * > i g j [ l _ ^ q cnb ch n_ l l o j n_ ^ mo no l _ m( [ l o h h ch a mo ì
no l _ [ fmi m[ p_ m ] i h mc^ _ l [ \ f_ ncg _ *
î
Mo h h ch a i h fs i h _ l i q i ` mo no l _ m ^ i q h q [ l ^ i ` n_ h f_ [ p_ m [
mfca b n g c^ fch _ l c^ a _ i l mi g _ i \ fck o cns ni nb _ ] _ l p c] i g _ h n[ f
[ h a f_ * Dh [ fg i mn _ p _ l s ] [ m_ ( nb _ mo no l _ h _ _ ^ m ni \ _ l o h \ [ ] e
o j q [ l ^ ` l i g nb _ ] l c] i c^ ni nb _ ] b ch ni ] l _ [ n_ [ FĚ Ē Ē GÐ D Ę
ĈË Ç GEĐ Ð GD Ę FD Ċ Ē Ë Ç FD Ĉ Ě i p_ l fs ch a nb _ `cl mn* Dn cm nb _ m_ ] ì
i h ^ l i q i ` mo no l _ m( [ h ^ EË FĒ Ě D Ĕ ÊĈ Ċ D F Ĉ GÐ EĘÇ Ħ ĎĒ Ĝ ĘGÐ Ħ
Ĉ Ë Ç ĎEĎGÐ ÊĈ H D Ę Ē Ď FĜ GĜ ĘD FĦ nb [ n _ fcg ch [ n_ nb _ l c^ a _ [ h ^
] ch ] b _ m ch nb _ j [ l [ g _ ^ c[ h g o m] f_ m ni ] l _ [ n_ [ q _ ff)^ _ ` ch _ ^
b s i c^ [ h a f_ *

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g _ h nm( nb [ n ] [ h \ _ ] b [ l [ ] n_ l ct _ ^ [ m nb l _ _ mn_ j m o j ( ` i fì
fi q _ ^ \ s i h _ i l nq i mn_ j m \ [ ] e ^ i q h ( nb _ h n q i mn_ j m o j (
nb _ h i h _ mn_ j ^ i q h ( [ h ^ nb _ h o j ( [ h ^ mi i h * O b _ mn_ j m
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no ] e ch [ h ^ ` f[ nn_ h g o m] f_ \ o g j m f_ ` n \ _ b ch ^ * @ [ ] b -
] g
m _ a g _ h n cm g [ ^ _ m g i i nb [ h ^ m h o a \ _ ` i l _ b _ [ ^ ch a o j q [ l ^
[ a [ ch *
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m_ [ g ( cn [ fmi mb [ j _ m nb _ h _ ] e * Ai l nb [ n( nb _ l o h h ch a mo no l _
g [ s n[ e _ [ l ca b n)[ h a f_ ^ _ ni o l ` i l -
ni . ] g [ q [ s ` l i g nb _
g c^ fch _ ni b [ o f ch f[ r j f [ ns m g [ mcnnch a i ` ` ni nb _ mc^ _ m*
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ch a g o m] f_ \ o fa _ cm m_ _ h [ fi h a i l \ _ fi q nb _ d[ q fch _ ( i l [
l _ mc^ o [ f \ o g j cm _ p c^ _ h n ch nb _ j [ l [ g _ ^ c[ h [ l _ [ ( [ ` ca o l _ )i ` )
_ ca b n i l l o h h ch a g [ nnl _ mm mo no l _ cm o m_ ^ ni ] l _ [ n_ [ m g i i nb
[ fq [ s m)p _ l nc] [ f mo \ g [ h ^ c\ o f[ l g o m] f_ j f_ [ n ni no ] e ch nb _
\ o fa _ *
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mo no l _ *
& Ob _ l _ cm h _ p _ l [ h _ _ ^ ` i l [ ` cr [ nci h mo no l _ ni [ h ] b i l nb _
j f[ ns mg [ ni nb _ j _ l cb s i c^ ` [ m] c[ ni ^ _ ` ch _ nb _ [ h a f_ nb _ l _ *
O cg _ h _ _ ^ m ni \ _ mj _ h n i h b _ g i m n[ m cm * O b _ o h ^ _ l mo l ` [ ] _
i ` nb _ me ch ` f[ j [ h ^ nb _ mo l ` [ ] _ i ` nb _ j f[ ns mg [ mb i o f^ \ _
] [ l _ ` o ffs ch mj _ ] n_ ^ ` i l \ f_ _ ^ ch a p _ mm_ fm g o fncj f_ ncg _ m ^ o l ì
ch a nb _ mo l a _ l s * = _ ` i l _ ] fi mo l _ ( b _ g i m n[ m cm h _ _ ^ m ni \ _ [ mì
m_ mm_ ^ [ n f_ [ mn i h ] _ g i l _ q cnb nb _ \ fi i ^ j l _ mmo l _ [ n( i l
\ _ nn_ l s _ n( b ca b _ l nb [ h nb _ j [ nc_ h n#m o mo [ f f_ p_ f*

h _ ] e fc`_
DI NOMP H @I ON AJ M KG< OTNH < KG< NOT
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n[ h _ i o m fcj _ ] ni g s ( j c] no l _ ^ ch > b [ j n_ l 2 ( nb _ l _ [ l _ [ ` _ q [ ^ ^ cì
nci h [ f ch mnl o g _ h nm nb [ n Do m_ ` i l nb _ j f[ ns mg [ j f[ mns *
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NP OP M@ H < O@MD< G
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GEË Đ Ë D D Ç ÊD ` i l [ ff i ` nb _ j f[ ns mg [ j f[ mns mo no l ì
ch a * = _ ] [ o m_ nb cm FĜ GĜ ĘD EF Ě Ē Ë Ē ĎEÊĈ Ě D Ë GĦ nb _ l _
cm f_ mm l cme i ` ch ` _ ] nci h nb [ h q cnb [ \ l [ c^ _ ^ mo ì
no l _ * Ob _ K ? N g [ ch n[ ch m cnm mnl _ h a nb ` i l m_ p_ l [ f
g i h nb m ã fi h a _ h i o a b ` i l nb _ ] i [ j n_ ^ ncmmo _ m ni
b _ [ f ni a _ nb _ l \ _ ` i l _ nb _ mo no l _ [ \ mi l \ m* D j l _ `_ l
[ h Ĉ Č FĒ ĘČ Ĉ Č ÊD mo no l _ ni [ j _ l g [ h _ h n i h _ ( \ _ ì
] [ o m_ pcmc\ f_ i l j [ fj [ \ f_ É Ë Ē G F Ġ EÊÊ Ç EFĈ Ĕ Ĕ D Ĉ Ę
q cnb ncg _ * Ob _ / ), a [ o a _ cm F GĘĒ Ë Đ D Ë Ē Ĝ Đ Ð ËĒG
GĒ Č ĘD Ĉ É q b _ h nb _ mo no l _ l o h m nb _ g [ l [ nb i h l _ ì
k o cl _ ^ \ s nb _ ] i l m_ n $nb _ l _ cm [ fi n l c^ ch a i h nb [ n
i h _ ] i h nch o i o m mo no l _ %( [ h ^ nb _ nb ch n[ j _ l h _ _ ì
^ f_ mfc^ _ m _ [ mcfs nb l i o a b nb _ mi g _ ncg _ m `l [ a cf_
` c\ l i g o m] o f[ l ncmmo _ m q cnb i o n ] o nnch a i l n_ [ l ch a
nb _ g i l g [ e ch a nb _ g \ f_ _ ^ *

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O^ ZOa bg
KM@GDH DI < MT NP MB D> < G H < I @P Q@MN
= _ ` i l _ \ _ a ch h ch a nb _ ] i h mnl o ] nci h i ` [ ] i l m_ n( nb _ j f [ ns mg [
g o m n \ _ ] f_ [ l _ ^ i ` mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ` [ n ` l i g nb _ g c^ fch _ ni [ n f_ [ mn
nb _ [ h n_ l ci l \ i l ^ _ l m i ` nb _ mn_ l h i g [ mni c^ g o m] f_ m* Ob cm cm ^ i h _
_ cnb _ l \ s fc` nch a nb _ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ` [ n i ` ` i ` nb _ j f[ ns mg [ q cnb
nb _ me ch ` f[ j ( i l \ s _ r ] cmch a _ r ] _ mm m o \ ] o n[ h _ i o m ` [ n nb [ n b [ m
\ _ _ h j o l j i m_ fs f_ ` n i h nb _ g o m] f_ ` i l _ r ] cmci h * @cnb _ l q [ s ( [
V I S M L X TI \ a [ U I cm h _ _ ^ _ ^ ni [ mm_ mm mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m h _ ] e ] i h ni o l
[ h ^ ni j l _ p _ h n ` [ n ` l i g \ _ ch a ] [ o a b n ch nb _ j f[ ns mg [ j f[ mns mo ì
no l _ m( q b c] b ] [ h j l i ^ o ] _ o h q [ h n_ ^ \ o g j m*
Ǻ Ë ĊD GÐ D F Ĝ ĘĎĈ Ċ D Ē Ď Č Ē GÐ Ĕ ÊĈ G H F Ě Ĉ F Ð Ĉ F Č D D Ë D Ģ Ĕ Ē F D Ç Ħ GÐ D ĘD Ĉ ĘD Ĉ Ë Ĝ Ě Č D Ę
Ē Ď Ė Ĝ D F GEĒ Ë F GÐ Ĉ G Ë D D Ç GĒ ČD Ĉ Ë FĠ D ĘD Ç Ì
- * Dm nb _ mo \ g _ h n[ f j f[ h _ [ ] ] _ j n[ \ fs `f[ n;
. * Dm nb _ ] _ l p c] i g _ h n[ f [ h a f_ [ ] ] _ j n[ \ fs ^ _ _ j ;
/ * ? c^ nb _ j [ nc_ h n ^ cmj f[ s pcmc\ f_ j f[ ns mg [ \ [ h ^ m j l _ i j _ l [ ncp_ fs ; D` h i n( ^ i nb _ _ r ì
j i m_ ^ g _ ^ c[ f j f[ ns mg [ _ ^ a _ m h i q m_ _ g f[ r q b _ h nb _ s [ l _ fc`n_ ^ q cnb nb _ ` i l ì
] _ j m;
0 * < l _ nb _ g _ ^ c[ f j f[ ns mg [ m g i \ cf_ _ h i o a b ni mnl _ n] b ni nb _ g c^ fch _ ` i l mo no l ch a
q cnb i o n nb _ h _ _ ^ ` i l o h ^ _ l g ch ch a ;
1 * D` nb _ l _ cm [ l _ [ i ` g o m] f_ ^ _ ] o mm[ nci h \ _ fi q nb _ ] b ch ( ^ i _ m cn m_ _ g [ m c` cg \ l cì
] [ nch a mo no l _ m ] i o f^ ch p[ a ch [ n_ nb _ [ l _ [ _ [ mcfs q cnb i o n b [ pch a ni i j _ h nb _
g o m] f_ [ fi h a nb _ g c^ fch _ ni g [ e _ l i i g ;
2 * Dm nb _ l _ _ h i o a b mj [ ] _ \ _ nq _ _ h nb _ j f[ ns mg [ \ i l ^ _ l m ` i l nb _ ch p_ l n_ ^ g o m] f_
_ ^ a _ m ni `cn ] i g ` i l n[ \ fs q cnb i o n b [ pch a ni ` cl mn l _ g i p _ mi g _ _ r ] _ mm `[ n;
3 * ? i nb _ mo \ g [ h ^ c\ o f[ l m[ fcp[ l s a f[ h ^ m fi i e [ h ^ `_ _ f mg [ ff _ h i o a b ; < l _ nb _ s
j i mcnci h _ ^ b ca b _ h i o a b mi nb [ n nb _ s ^ i h #n h _ _ ^ [ h ch nl [ ] [ j mo f[ l l _ f_ [ m_ [ h ^ +i l
l _ m_ ] nci h ni j l _ p_ h n [ j i mni j _ l [ ncp _ \ o fa _ ;
ÄĎ GÐ D Ĉ Ë F Ġ D Ę GĒ D Ĉ ĊÐ Ē Ď G Ð D F D Ė Ĝ D FGEĒ Ë F EF Į H D F ĦĮ ĎĈ Č ĘEĊ Ĉ GEĒ Ë Ē Ď GÐ D Ċ Ē ĘF D G
Ċ Ĉ Ë Č D Đ EË Ġ EGÐ Ē Ĝ G ĎĜ ĘGÐ D Ę ĈÇ Ē Í

h _ ] e fc`n
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g c^ fch _ ` i l mo no l ch a [ h ^ h _ _ ^ h i nb ch a ^ i h _ o h ^ _ l nb _ g o m] f_ * Dh
mo ] b j [ nc_ h nm( i ` n_ h GÐ D Ċ Ē ĘF D G Ċ Ĉ Ë Č D Ċ Ē Ë F GĘĜ Ċ GD Ç Ĉ F FĒ Ē Ë Ĉ F
GÐ D F É EË ĪĎĈ G ĎÊĈ Ĕ Ð Ĉ F Č D D Ë ÊEĎGD Ç Í
à Ē Ġ D Ğ D ĘĦ EĎ GÐ D Ĉ Ë F Ġ D Ę GĒ Ĉ Ë H Ē Ď GÐ D Ė Ĝ D F GEĒ Ë F Ĕ Ē FD Ç ĒË
ĔÍ Ĺ Ķ Ļ EF Į Ë Ē ĦĮ ĎĜ ĘGÐ D Ę Ġ Ē ĘÉ Ë D D Ç F GĒ Č D Ç Ē Ë D Ĝ Ë Ç D Ę GÐ D Ě Ĝ F Ī
Ċ ÊD Č D ĎĒ ĘD F GĈ ĘG EË Đ GÐ D Ċ Ē ĘF D GÍ No \ j f[ ns mg [ f mo l a _ l s ^ cl _ ] n_ ^ [ n
nb _ ^ _ _ j ` [ n [ h ^ ^ _ _ j ` [ m] c[ ( [ h ^ [ h n_ l ci l ^ ca [ mnl c] g o m] f_ m [ h ^
mo \ g [ h ^ c\ o f[ l m[ fcp[ l s a f[ h ^ m cm ^ _ n[ cf_ ^ ch > b [ j n_ l m 4 [ h ^ 5 *

" n Q] `a S b ^ ZObga [
O^ ZOa bg
O b _ l _ cm h i l _ [ mi h ni ^ i [ g c^ fch _ j f [ ns m g [ j f [ m ns ch j [ nc_ h nm
q b i ^ i h i n m b i q j f [ ns m g [ \ [ h ^ m j l _ i j _ l [ ncp _ fs ( c` f[ r j f [ ns m ì
g [ _ ^ a _ m [ l _ h i n l _ p _ [ f_ ^ [ ` n_ l nb _ _ r ] _ m m m o \ ] o n[ h _ i o m
h _ ] e ` [ n b [ m \ _ _ h l _ g i p _ ^ ( [ h ^ nb _ l _ [ l _ h i ch ^ c] [ nci h m ` i l
mo \ j f[ ns mg [ f mo l a _ l s *
Ai l _ r [ g j f_ ( nb cm q i g [ h ^ cmj f[ s _ ^ h i j f[ ns mg [ \ [ h ^ m \ _ ` i l _
mo l a _ l s * < n mo l a _ l s ( [ ` n_ l ] i g j f_ nch a nb _ mo \ ] o n[ h _ i o m fcj _ ] ni ì
g s ( D ` i o h ^ [ ^ _ _ j b s i c^ [ h a f_ ( [ . ] g [ l _ [ i ` j f[ ns mg [ ^ _ ] o m m [ ì
nci h \ _ h _ [ nb nb _ ] b ch ( [ ` f[ n mo \ g _ h n[ f j f[ h _ ( [ h ^ j f[ ns mg [ \ i l ì
^ _ l m nb [ n ^ cp _ l a _ ^ q c^ _ fs \ _ f i q nb _ ^ _ ] o mm[ nci h (
\ o n q _ l _
\ i o h ^ ^ i q h nca b nfs \ s nb _ mo j _ l ` c] c[ f ` [ m] c[ [ h ^ j f[ ns mg [ l _ n[ ch ì
ch a fca [ g _ h nm* Ob _ l _ ` i l _ D ^ c^ h i n ^ cmno l \ nb _ j f[ ns mg [ [ n [ ff( [ h ^
] fi m_ ^ [ ` n_ l ^ i ch a i h fs nb _ mo j _ l ` c] c[ f fcj _ ] ni g s * I i j f [ n s m g [ ì
j f[ mns q [ m ^ i h _ * O b _ j i mni j _ l [ ncp _ j b i ni m q _ l _ n[ e _ h . s _ [ l m
[ ` n_ l mo l a _ l s * < ] fi m_ ^ fcj i mo ] nci h g ca b n q _ ff b [ p _ a cp _ h b _ l [ h
_ k o [ ffs a i i ^ l _ mo fn( [ fnb i o a b D ` ch ^ cn _ [ mc_ l ni [ mm_ mm nb _ g _ ^ c[ f
mn[ \ cfcns i ` nb _ j f[ ns mg [ q b _ h D#g fi i e ch a ^ cl _ ] nfs [ n nb _ g o m] f_
nb l i o a b [ mo \ g _ h n[ f ch ] cmci h *
D` nb _ l _ cm [ h ch ^ c] [ nci h ` i l [ ] i l m_ n j f [ ns mg [ j f [ m ns ( _ cnb _ l ` i l
nb _ ] i l l _ ] nci h i ` f[ r g o m] f_ ( i l ` i l nb _ ] i h mnl o ] nci h i ` [ h ch n[ ] n
g o m] f_ mb _ _ n [ ] l i mm nb _ g c^ fch _ [ ` n_ l mo \ j f[ ns mg [ f l _ f_ [ m_ m [ h ^
l _ m_ ] nci h m( [ ` _ q j l _ fcg ch [ l s mo l a c] [ f g [ h _ o p _ l m o mo [ ffs h _ _ ^
ni \ _ _ r _ ] o n_ ^ ` cl mn*

h _ ] e fc`_
Dh nb _ h _ ] e cffo mnl [ n_ ^ b _ l _ ( nb _ l _ cm [ mb i l n [ l _ [ i ` j f[ ns mg [ ^ _ ì
] o mm[ nci h \ _ fi q nb _ ] b ch * D` nb _ mo \ g _ h n[ f j f[ h _ q _ l _ `f[ n( D g ca b n
f_ [ p_ nb _ ^ _ ] o mm[ nci h ch n[ ] n [ h ^ \ _ a ch nb _ g c^ fch _ m_ [ g \ s ch )
p [ a ch [ nch a [ h [ l l i q \ [ h ^ i ` ^ _ ] o mm[ n_ ^ g o m] f_ * = o n EĎ GÐ D Ç D Ī
Ċ Ĝ F F Ĉ GEĒ Ë F D D Ě D Ç Ĉ Č EG G Ð EĊ É Ħ Ĉ F EG Ç Ē D F Ð D ĘD Ħ Ä Ġ Ē Ĝ ÊÇ Ē Ĕ D Ë GÐ D
Ě Ĝ FĊ ÊD Ĉ ÊĒ Ë Đ GÐ D Ě EÇ ÊEË D Ġ EG Ð GÐ D D ÊD Ċ GĘĒ Ċ Ĉ Ĝ GD ĘH Í T_ [ l m [ a i ( D
q i o f^ l _ g i p _ [ p_ l nc] [ f mnl cj i ` g o m] f_ ( \ o n Dh i fi h a _ l ^ i nb [ n*

0 $ Q] `a S b ^ ZObga [
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D q [ h n nb _ g c^ fch _ [ l _ [ \ _ nq _ _ h nb _ g o m] f_ \ i l ^ _ l m ni [ n f_ [ mn \ _ ` f[ nã
[ h ^ j l _ ` _ l [ \ fs mfca b nfs ] i h ] [ p _ ã mi nb _ l _ cm mi g _ mj [ ] _ ni l _ ] _ cp_ nb _ ch p_ l n_ ^
g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ m*
D` nb _ g c^ fch _ cm ] i h p _ r [ h ^ `cff_ ^ q cnb ` [ n( D
j c] e o j nb _ ` [ n [ h ^ _ r ] cm_ cn q cnb nb _ fi h a g cì
] l i ncj ] [ o n_ l s * Dh nb ch h _ ] e m( nb cm g c^ fch _ ` [ n
_ r ] cmci h cm h i n [ fq [ s m h _ ] _ mm[ l s (
\ o n h i n
g [ e ch a l i i g ` i l nb _ ch ` i f^ _ ^ g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ m
] [ h \ _ i h _ ] [ o m_ ` i l [ g c^ fch _ l c^ a _ [ ` n_ l
] i l m_ n j f[ ns mg [ j f[ mns *
Ni g _ mo l a _ i h m mj _ ] c` c] [ ffs [ p i c^ [ g c^ fch _
` [ n _ r ] cmci h \ _ fi q nb _ b s i c^ ` i l ` _ [ l i ` ] l _ [ nì
ch a [ g c^ fch _ b i ffi q i l _ r j i mch a nb _ nb s l i c^
] [ l ncf[ a _ * Ob i m_ ] i h mc^ _ l [ nci h m [ l _ i ` h i ] i h ì
] _ l h ni g _ q b _ h [ ] i l m_ n j f[ ns mg [ j f[ mns cm
^ i h _ ( \ _ ] [ o m_ nb _ ] i l m_ n q cff ] i p _ l nb _ g c^ ì
fch _ q cnb [ m g i i nb \ f[ h e _ n i ` g o m] f_ * Dh
g [ h s ` [ nns h _ ] e m( nb cm g c^ fch _ ch n_ l j f[ ns mg [ f
fcj _ ] ni g s cm i ` n_ h _ mm_ h nc[ f ` i l i \ n[ ch ch a [
j f_ [ mch a [ h n_ l ci l h _ ] e ] i h ni o l * Ob _ ^ _ n[ cfm i `
ch n_ l j f[ ns mg [ f
[ h ^
mo \ j f[ ns mg [ f
fcj _ ] ni g s
[ l _ j l _ m_ h n_ ^ ch > b [ j n_ l 4 *

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Tb
D` nb _ g _ ^ c[ f j f[ ns mg [ _ ^ a _ m [ l _ q c^ _ fs m_ j [ l [ n_ ^ ( i l ^ i h i n mnl _ n] b _ [ mcfs ni
nb _ g c^ fch _ ( i l c` D q [ h n ni l _ g i p _ mo \ j f[ ns mg [ f ` [ n \ _ h _ [ nb nb _ g o m] f_ ( i l a _ n
ni nb _ mo \ g [ h ^ c\ o f[ l m[ fcp [ l s a f[ h ^ ( nb _ h D h _ _ ^ ni o h ^ _ l ] o n nb _ g o m] f _ * D
mn[ l n \ s n_ h mch a nb _ g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ ni q [ l ^ nb _ g c^ fch _ q cnb nb _ ` i l ] _ j m do mn \ _ ì
fi q nb _ ] b ch mi nb [ n nb _ ` ch _ )ncj j _ ^ H _ n t _ h \ [ o g m] cmmi l m ] [ h mh cj do mn o h ^ _ l
nb _ ` f[ n g o m] f_ q b cf_ Dj _ [ e o h ^ _ l [ h ^ i p _ l nb _ g o m] f_ nl s ch a ni [ p i c^ ] o nnch a [
\ o nni h b i f_ nb l i o a b nb _ g o m] f_ ( q b c] b cm i ` n_ h nb ch [ h ^ [ ^ b _ l _ h n ni nb _ [ h n_ ì
l ci l ^ ca [ mnl c] g o m] f_ * O b _ h D ] o n ^ i q h q [ l ^ [ fi h a nb _ g o m] f_ \ i l ^ _ l ( l _ f_ [ mch a
nb _ _ ^ a _ ` l i g cnm h _ [ l fs ch p cmc\ f_ ch p _ mnch a ` [ m] c[ * D` \ f_ _ ^ ch a i ] ] o l m ^ o l ch a nb cm
ch cnc[ f ` l _ _ ch a i ` nb _ g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ m( cn cm o mo [ ffs h i n m_ p _ l _ ( [ h ^ b _ g i m n[ m cm ] [ h
\ _ ^ _ f[ s _ ^ ` i l [ ` _ q g ch o n_ m o h ncf cn cm g i l _ ] i h p _ h c_ h n ni [ ^ ^ l _ mm cn* Dh j [ ì
nc_ h nm q b i m_ _ g ni \ f_ _ ^ _ [ mcfs ( Di ` n_ h o m_ nb _ fi h a h _ _ ^ f_ )ncj _ f _ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s
ch mn_ [ ^ i ` nb _ m] cmmi l m ni ] o n nb _ g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ m ` l _ _ [ h ^ ni \ _ a ch o h ^ _ l ] o nnch a
nb _ g _ ^ c[ f g o m] f_ * C i q _ p _ l ( cn#m g o ] b _ [ mc_ l ni ch [ ^ p _ l n_ h nf s \ o nni h b i f _ nb _
g o m] f _ q cnb nb _ ] [ o n_ l s nb [ h cn cm q cnb nb _ m] cmmi l m( mi D o m_ nb _ m] cmmi l m
g i m n i ` nb _ ncg _ *

" n Q] `a S b ^ ZObga [
O^ ZOa bg
R cnb nb _ fi h a ` i l ] _ j m j o ffch a nb _ g o m] f_ _ ^ a _
n[ o nfs o j q [ l ^ mi nb [ n D] [ h m_ _ \ i nb mc^ _ m i `
nb _ g o m] f_ [ n nb _ m[ g _ ncg _ ( D] o n q cnb nb _
m] cmmi l m o h ^ _ l ^ cl _ ] n p cmci h j [ l [ ff_ f ni nb _ mo l ì
` [ ] _ i ` nb _ g o m] f_ ( i ` n_ h f_ [ pch a [ p _ l s nb ch
f[ s _ l i ` ` c\ l i ` [ nns ncmmo _ i h nb _ g o m] f_ #m ^ _ _ j
mo l ` [ ] _ * Ob cm q b cncmb )s _ ffi q ncmmo _ ] i h n[ ch m
nb _ j [ l [ g _ ^ c[ h X TI \ a [ U I ZM\ I QVQVO TQOI U MV\ [ &
Ob _ m_ o mo [ ffs h _ _ ^ ni \ _ mb [ l j fs ^ cpc^ _ ^ ` i l [ n
f_ [ mn -
ni . ] g f[ n_ l [ f ni nb _ g _ ^ c[ f _ ^ a _ ni
` l _ _ nb _ g o m] f_ _ h i o a b mi nb [ n cn q cff mnl _ n] b
ni nb _ g c^ fch _ *
Ob _ ? _ [ p _ l l _ nl [ ] ni l cm j f[ ] _ ^ o h ^ _ l nb _ g o mì
] f_ ni ch mj _ ] n ` i l \ f_ _ ^ ch a * Ob _ [ h n_ l ci l do a o ì
f[ l p_ ch cm o mo [ ffs b c^ ^ _ h \ _ h _ [ nb nb _ nb c] e _ l
f[ s _ l i ` mo \ j f[ ns mg [ f ` [ n i ` n_ h j l _ m_ h n ch nb _
mo j l [ b s i c^ [ l _ [ * = _ fi q nb _ b s i c^ ( b i q _ p _ l (
q b _ l _ nb _ f[ s _ l i ` mo \ j f[ ns mg [ f ` [ n cm nb ch h _ l (
nb _ p_ ch cm i ` n_ h _ h ] i o h n_ l _ ^ ] fi m_ ni nb _ mo l ì
` [ ] _ i ` nb _ ` [ n( do mn f[ n_l [ f ni nb _ j f[ ns mg [ \ i l ì
^ _ l * Dfi i e ` i l [ h ^ nl s ni [ p i c^ h c] e ch a nb _ p_ ch (
\ o n c` D ^ i i j _ h cn( b _ g i mn[ mcm cm _ [ mcfs i \ ì
n[ ch _ ^ q cnb nb _ T [ h e [ o _ l [ h ^ _ f_ ] nl i ] [ o n_ l s *

\ SQY ZW
Tb
D` n b _ f i q _ l j f [ n s m g [ _ ^ a _ m [ l _ _ cnb _ l \ i o h ^ ^ i q h nca b nf s i l
q c^ _ f s m _ j [ l [ n_ ^ ( Dch m_ l n nb _ ? _ [ p _ l \ _ h _ [ nb nb _ ` l _ _ ^ j f[ ns mg [ (
[ h ^ q cnb nb _ ] [ o n_ l s i l m] cmmi l m D ] o n nb _ nca b n( ` c\ l i o m ncmmo _
^ _ _ j ni nb _ o h ^ _ l mo l ` [ ] _ i ` nb _ j f[ ns mg [ ni m _ j [ l [ n_ cn ` l i g nb _
m n_ l h i b s i c^ m nl [ j g o m ] f _ *
< n nb cm j i ch n( c` [ h s m o \ j f [ n s m g [ f g [ h _ o p _ l m [ l _ h _ _ ^ _ ^ ( ch ì
] fo ^ ch a m o \ j f [ ns m g [ f f cj _ ] ni g s ( D j _ l ` i l g n b _ g \ _ ` i l _ n b _ ] i l ì
m _ n cm ` [ \ l c] [ n_ ^ * $> b [ j n_ l m 4 [ h ^ 5 ^ _ m] l c\ _ nb i m_ g [ h _ o p _ l m *%

" n Q] ` a S b ^ ZObga [
O^ ZOa bg
J h _ l _ ] i g g _ h ^ [ nci h \ _ ` i l _ q _ m n[ l n m _ q ch a 6 _ p _ h c` nb _ g o m ì
] f_ _ ^ a _ m [ j j _ [ l k o cn_ nb c] e i l k o cn_ ` fi j j s ( L W V W \ ZM [ M K \ I V a
U ] [ K TM & @p _ h b _ [ p s [ h ^ l _ ^ o h ^ [ h n g o m] f_ ] [ h \ _ h c] _ fs ` i f^ _ ^
ch ni [ ` f[ n g c^ fch _ m_ [ g * M_ m_ ] n_ ^ g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ m( _ p _ h nb c] e i h _ m(
[ l _ g o ] b g i l _ fce _ fs ni n_ [ l q b _ h nb _ s [ l _ mo no l _ ^ * D` [ n mi g _
f[ n_ l ncg _ [ m _ ] i h ^ [ l s j f[ ns mg [ nca b n_ h ch a i l mo \ j f[ ns mg [ f m o l ì
a _ l s cm j _ l ` i l g _ ^ ( cn#m _ r nl _ g _ fs b _ fj ` o f ni b [ p _ [ ff i ` nb _ g o m] f_
nb _ l _ ni o m_ ` i l nb _ l _ j [ cl * O b _ _ r nl [ g o m] f_ mb i o f^ h i n \ _ ^ cmì
] [ l ^ _ ^ ( \ o n l [ nb _ l no l h _ ^ ch q [ l ^ *
O b cm j [ nc_ h n b [ ^ j [ l nc] o f[ l fs b _ [ p s [ h ^ l _ ^ o h ^ [ h n j f[ ns mg [ g o m ì
] f_ * < ] i l m_ n j f[ ns mg [ j f[ mns q [ m j _ l ` i l g _ ^ q cnb i o n [ h s g o m] f_
l _ g i p [ f*

\ SQY ZW
Tb
NP MBD>< G O@> CI DL P @6 OC@ >G< NND>
> J MN@O
Dh p _ l nch a nb _ g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ m( \ _ a ch h ch a q cnb nb _ ` cl mn mncn] b ( cm
p _ l s cg j i l n[ h n* = _ fi q nb _ ] b ch ( nb _ h _ _ ^ f_ n[ e _ m [ g _ ^ c[ f)ni )f[ n)
_ l [ f ` cl mn \ cn_ i h nb _ f_ `n mc^ _ do mn i o nmc^ _ nb _ g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ ni li ff
nb _ _ ^ a _ ch q [ l ^ * O b _ n[ cf i ` nb _ mo no l _ cm b _ f^ \ s [ mb i l n h _ _ ^ f_
b i f^ _ l nb [ n mcnm i h nb _ b _ [ ^ l _ mn h _ r n ni nb _ j [ nc_ h n#m f_ ` n ] b _ _ e *
Ob cm e _ _ j m nb _ fi h a mo no l _ i o n i ` nb _ q [ s q b _ h nb _ h _ _ ^ f_ cm \ _ ì
ch a ch m_ l n_ ^ ch ni nb _ g o m] f_ *

" n Q] `a S b ^ ZObga [
O^ ZOa bg
Ob _ ` cl mn \ cn_ i h nb _ l ca b n mc^ _ cm [ fmi
n[ e _ h i o nmc^ _ nb _ ` l _ _ \ i l ^ _ l ã nb cm ncg _
` l i g f[ n_ l [ f ni g _ ^ c[ f* Q_ l nc] [ f \ cn_ m ch ni
nb _ g o m] f_ i h _ cnb _ l mc^ _ j [ l [ ff_ f ni nb _
_ ^ a _ m [ l _ [ fmi j _ l ` _ ] nfs [ ] ] _ j n[ \ f_ * D` nb _
g o m] f_ cm nb ch [ h ^ ` l [ a cf_ ( i l mb i o f^ nb _
g o m] f_ mn[ l n ni n_ [ l [ fcnnf_ [ m nb _ m_ ` cl mn mo ì
no l _ m [ l _ \ _ ch a ch m_ l n_ ^ ( D o m_ [ ` ca o l _ )i ` )
_ ca b n mncn] b l [ nb _ l nb [ h [ mcg j f_ mo no l _ ( \ _ ì
] [ o m_ nb _ ` ca o l _ )i ` )_ ca b n cm g o ] b f_ mm fce _ fs
ni n_ [ l nb l i o a b nb _ g o m] f_ [ m nb _ _ ^ a _ m [ l _
j o ff_ ^ ni a _ nb _ l *
< h ch mnl o g _ h n)nc_ cm ^ i h _ ni j l _ m_ l p _ [ m
g o ] b mo no l _ f_ h a nb [ m j i mmc\ f_ * Acp_ mk o [ l _
nb l i q m [ l _ o m_ ^ ` i l nb _ e h i n mi cn ] [ h #n ] i g _
[ j [ l n !J MTW_ $ TMN\"& Ob _ h _ _ ^ f_ cm nb _ h ch m_ l n_ ^
\ _ h _ [ nb nb _ f_ `n g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ [ h ^ \ l i o a b n
i o n f[ n_l [ f ni nb _ _ ^ a _ mi nb [ n nb _ e h i n cm
\ o l c_ ^ !J MTW_ $ ZQOP \ "&

\ SQY ZW
Tb
Ai l nb _ m_ ] i h ^ mo no l _ ( D o m_ nb _ ` i l ] _ j m ni
mnl _ n] b nb _ l ca b n _ ^ a _ ^ i q h q [ l ^ ni l _ g i p _
nb _ mf[ ] e * O b _ h _ _ ^ f_ cm j [ mm_ ^ f[ n_ l [ f)ni )
g _ ^ c[ f( _ g _ l a ch a i o nmc^ _ nb _ g o m] f_ _ ^ a _
mi nb [ n nb _ _ ^ a _ ] [ h \ _ l i ff_ ^ ch*
O b _ m[ g _ g [ h _ o p _ l cm l _ j _ [ n_ ^ i h nb _ i j ì
j i mcn_ mc^ _ * J h ] _ [ a [ ch ( nb _ g o m] f_ \ cn_ cm
n[ e _ h i o nmc^ _ nb _ _ ^ a _ * P h ncf nb _ g c^ fch _
m _ [ g l _ [ ] b _ m [ j i ch n \ _ f i q nb _ nb s l i c^
] [ l ncf[ a _ ( _ p _ l s \ cn_ i h nb _ l ca b n [ h ^ f_ ` n
mc^ _ m
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nb _
_ ^ a _ m ] [ h \ _ mnl _ n] b _ ^ [ h ^ [ fca h _ ^ ( [ h ^ nb _
^ cmn[ h ] _ f[ n_ l [ f ni nb _ _ ^ a _ ] [ h \ _ p [ l c_ ^
[ ] ] i l ^ ch a ni nb _ fi i m_ h _ mm i ` nb _ g o m] f_ [ n
nb [ n fi ] [ nci h *

" n Q] `a S b ^ ZObga [
O^ ZOa bg
R b _ h nb _ mo no l _ l _ [ ] b _ m [ j i ch n do mn [ \ i p _
nb _ j l i g ch _ h ] _ i ` nb _ nb s l i c^ ] [ l ncf[ a _ ( cn i ` ì
n_ h [ j j _ [ l m nb [ n nb _ g _ ^ c[ f j f[ ns mg [ \ i l ^ _ l m
[ l _ _ p _ h g i l _ \ i q )m nl o h a nb [ h nb _ s q _ l _
\ _ ` i l _ nb _ mn[ l n( q b c] b cm q b s g [ h s mo l ì
a _ i h m [ l _ ch ] fch _ ^ [ n nb cm j i ch n ni _ cnb _ l nl [ h ì
m_ ] n nb _ g o m] f_ i h _ [ ] b mc^ _ ( i l l _ m_ ] n [
q _ ^ a _ ni \ l _ [ e nb _ g _ ^ c[ f \ [ h ^ m* O b _ mo l ì
a _ i h mb i o f^ [ p i c^ nb _ n_ g j n[ nci h ni ] o n nb _
g o m] f_ * O b _ \ [ h ^ m q cff mi i h ^ cm[ j j _ [ l 7 m _ q ì
ch a q cff g [ e _ cn mi *
J h ] _ nb _ n q i g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ m b [ p _ \ _ _ h di ch _ ^
\ _ fi q nb _ nb s l i c^ ] [ l ncf[ a _ ( D o mo [ ffs ` ch ^ cn
_ [ mc_ l [ h ^ ` [ mn_ l ni m _ q q cnb i o n o mch a nb _
fi h a ` i l ] _ j m* Dj o ff o j nca b nfs i h nb _ fi h a mo ì
no l _ q cnb g s f_ ` n b [ h ^ ni \ l ch a nb _ \ I ZO M \
] fi m_ l ni g _ * Ob cm cm [ fmi nb _ \ _ mn q [ s ni mo ì
no l _ p _ l s f i q ch nb _ h _ ] e nb l i o a b nb _ mo \ ì
g _ h n[ f ch ] cmci h * Ni g _ ncg _ m Dl _ fi [ ^ nb _ h _ _ ì
^ f_ b i f^ _ l ` i l m_ j [ l [ n_ g o m] f_ \ cn_ m i h _ [ ] b
mc^ _ i ` nb _ g c^ fch _ ( [ h ^ mi g _ ncg _ m D ] l i mm nb _
g c^ fch _ q cnb nb _ h _ _ ^ f_ q cnb i o n l _ fi [ ^ ch a *
R cnb ch [ ` _ q ` ch a _ l \ l _ [ ^ nb m i ` nb _ mo j l [ mn_ l ì
h [ f h i n] b ( i h fs mg [ ff \ cn_ m [ l _ n[ e _ h i h _ [ ] b
mc^ _ i ` nb _ g c^ fch _ ni [ p i c^ j o ] e _ l ch a nb _
mo j l [ ] f[ p c] o f[ l me ch o h h _ ] _ mm[ l cfs * ? i q h fi q
ch nb _ g c^ fch _ ( nb _ g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ m h _ _ ^ ni \ _
\ l i o a b n ni a _ nb _ l q cnb p _ l s fcnnf_ l i ff)ch *

\ SQY ZW
Tb
B Ð D F Ĝ GĜ ĘD Ĝ F Ĝ Ĉ ÊÊH ĘĜ Ë F Ç Ē Ġ Ë GĒ Ĉ Ĕ Ē EË G
Ĉ Ĕ Ĕ ĘĒ Ģ EĚ Ĉ GD ÊH Ĺ ĎEË Đ D Ę Č Ę D Ĉ Ç G Ð F Ĉ Č Ē Ğ D GÐ D
F Ĝ Ĕ ĘĈ F GD ĘË Ĉ Ê Ë Ē GĊÐ $[ \ i o n nb _ f_p_f i ` nb _ ] l cì
] i c^ ] [ l ncf[ a _ %( [ j f[ ] _ [ n q b c] b nb _ l _ g [ ch ì
ch a o h di ch _ ^ g o m] f_ _ ^ a _ m \ _ fi q nb _ m_ [ g
mb i o f^ [ j j _ [ l ni fc_ `f[ n [ h ^ nca b n [ a [ ch mn nb _
fi q _ l mnl [ j g o m] f_ m* Ob cm _ h ^ j i ch n ` i l nb _
`cl mn l i q i ` mo no l _ m cm q b _ l _ p _ l D nb ch e nb _
o j mc^ _ )^ i q h C i ` nb _ h i h di ch _ ^ fi q _ l j f[ ì
ns mg [ _ ^ a _ m q i h #n \ _ m_ _ h nb l i o a b nb _ me ch *
Dh mi g _ ] [ m_ m( nb _ ` cl mn l i q _ h ^ m [ m b ca b
[ m 0 ` ch a _ l \ l _ [ ^ nb m [ \ i p _ nb _ mo j l [ mn_ l h [ f
h i n] b ( [ h ^ mi g _ ncg _ m cn l o h m [ m fi q [ m - ni
. ` ch a _ l \ l _ [ ^ nb m [ \ i p _ nb _ h i n] b *
H _ ^ c[ f [ ^ p [ h ] _ g _ h n i ` nb _ ] [ o ^ [ f j f[ ns mg [
[ fg i mn [ fq [ s m j l i ^ o ] _ m mi g _ F É EË Ĕ Ĝ Ċ É D ĘĪ
EË Đ EË GÐ D ÊĒ Ġ D Ę Ë D Ċ É Í Dmi g _ ncg _ m f_ [ p_ nb _
l _ f_ [ m_ i ` nb cm j o ] e _ l ch a o h ncf [ ` n_ l D#p_ ] i g ì
j f_ n_ ^ nb _ ] i l m_ n( \ o n i ` n_ h Dfce _ ni ^ i FĒ Ě D
Ē Ď GÐ D F É EË ĘD ÊD Ĉ F D Ë Ē Ġ Ħ e h i q ch a nb [ n D#ff
`ch cmb nb _ di \ f[ n_l ch mo l a _ l s * D_ cnb _ l o h ^ _ l ì
g ch _ nb _ ^ cg j f_ ^ me ch \ fch ^ fs o mch a nb _ fi h a
m] cmmi l m q b cf_ Dj off o j i h nb _ ` f[ j q cnb g s
` ch a _ l m [ n nb _ ch ] cmci h ni n_ h m_ nb _ me ch ( i l D
m_ j [ l [ n_ nb _ me ch `f[ j ` l i g nb _ j f[ ns mg [ [ h ^
fi q _ l mnl [ j g o m] f_ m q cnb nb _ fi h a ] [ o n_ l s
q b cf_ fi i e ch a o h ^ _ l nb _ `f[ j q cnb nb _ ? _ [ p_ l
l _ nl [ ] ni l *
ĎG D Ę GÐ D ĎEĘ F G ĘĒ Ġ Ē Ď F Ĝ GĜ ĘD F Ð Ĉ F Č D D Ë EË Ī
F D ĘG D Ç Ħ GÐ D Ě EÇ ÊEË D F D Ĉ Ě EF Ë D Ğ D Ę Ĉ G EGF
Č D F GÍ Ng [ ff \ o g j m o mo [ ffs l _ g [ ch \ _ nq _ _ h
nb _ mo no l _ m( [ h ^ nb _ g o m] f_ i o nmc^ _ nb _ g c^ ì
fch_ m_ [ g cm l [ l _ fs [ m mh o a [ m cn mb i o f^ \ _*
J ` n_ h ( [ mfca b nfs \ i q )mnl o h a g c^ fch _ l c^ a _
q cff \ _ m_ _ h i l `_fn( ^ _ mj cn_ nb _ o m_ i ` [ ] i h ì
nch o i o m ch p_ l nch a mo no l _ *

" n Q] `a S b ^ ZObga [
O^ ZOa bg
Dn cm nb _ m_ ] i h ^ l i q i ` mncn] b _ m( ] [ l _ ` o ffs j f[ ] _ ^ ^ o l ch a nb _ _ h mo ch a o j b cff
] fcg \ ( nb [ n q cff ch p [ a ch [ n_ [ h ^ ` f[ nn_ h nb _ g c^ fch _ l c^ a _ ( [ h ^ nb _ m_ ] i h ^ l i q
nb [ n q cff n[ e _ o j nb _ l _ g [ ch ch a mf[ ] e ch nb _ g o m] f_ ni _ ` ` _ ] ncp _ fs mb [ j _ nb _
h _ ] e *
Ni g _ ncg _ m \ _ ` i l _ mn[ l nch a o j q [ l ^ q cnb nb _ m_ ] i h ^ l i q i ` mo no l _ m( nb _ j f[ ns mg [ )
] i p _ l _ ^ g c^ fch _ q cff ^ cmj f[ s [ mfca b nfs ] i h p _ r ] i h ni o l ( [ m c` nb _ g o m] f_ q _ l _
^ l [ j _ ^ i p _ l [ ] i g j l _ mmc\ f_ no \ _ !TMN\"& Ao l nb _ l nca b n_ h ch a i ` nb _ j f[ ns mg [ \ s [ ^ ì
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] [ o m_ ^ \ s g o m] f_ nb [ n cm mncff mi g _ q b [ n fi i m_ * J h _ [ ] b mc^ _ ( nb _ mo no l _ \ cn_ m
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mo j l [ ] f[ p c] o f[ l me ch * < fcnnf_ ` [ l nb _ l o j ( nb _ g o m] f_ \ cn_ m [ l _ n[ e _ h ` [ l nb _ l i o n*

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