Operative Technique in Plastic Surgery – Kevin C.Chung

New York, New York
Rachel C. Steckelberg, MD, MPH
Clinical Instructor
Regional Anesthesia Fellow
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain
Medicine
Stanford University Hospital
Palo Alto, California
Robert J. Steffner, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor
Musculoskeletal Tumor Surgery
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
School of Medicine
Stanford University
Redwood City, California
Derek M. Steinbacher, MD, DMD, FACS
Director of Craniofacial
Craniomaxillofacial Surgery
Yale Plastic Surgery
New Haven, Connecticut
Jeffrey T. Steitz, MD
Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery
University of Illinois at Chicago
Chicago, Illinois
John T. Stranix, MD
Chief Resident
Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery

NYU Langone Health
New York, New York
Louis L. Strock, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor
Department of Plastic Surgery
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas
Private Practice
Fort Worth, Texas
James M. Stuzin, MD
Division of Plastic Surgery
Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine
University of Miami
Miami, Florida
Department of Plastic Surgery
Cleveland Clinic Florida
Weston, Florida
Man-Koon Suh, MD
Director
JW Plastic Surgery Center
Seoul, Korea
Ahmed Suliman, MD
Associate Professor, University of California San Diego, California
Section Chief, Veterans Healthcare Administration
Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
University of California San Diego
Section of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
Veterans Healthcare Administration
University of California, San Diego Medical Center

Veterans Healthcare Administration, San Diego
San Diego, California
Christopher C. Surek, DO
Plastic Surgeon
Private Practice
Overland Park, Kansas
Clinical Assistant Professor of Plastic Surgery
Department of Plastic Surgery
University of Kansas Health System
Assistant Professor of Anatomy
Department of Anatomy
Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences
Kansas City, Missouri
Srinivas M. Susarla, DMD, MD
Assistant Professor
Division of Plastic Surgery
Department of Surgery
Assistant Professor
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
University of Washington
Seattle, Washington
Adam R. Sweeney, MD
Fellow, Oculoplastic and Facial Reconstructive Surgery
Department of Ophthalmology
Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas
Jonathan Sykes, MD
Professor Emeritus
UC Davis Medical Center

Granite Bay, California
Geo N. Tabbal, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Plastic Surgery
UT Southwestern Medical Center
Dallas, Texas
Nicolas Tabbal, MD
Clinical Associate Professor
Plastic Surgery
New York University
New York, New York
Amir H. Taghinia, MD, MPH, MBA
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Harvard Medical School
Staff Surgeon
Department of Plastic and Oral
Surgery
Boston Children’s Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts
Simon Talbot, MD
Attending Plastic Surgeon
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Associate Professor
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
Shruti C. Tannan, MD
Plastic Surgeon
Tannan Plastic Surgery

Raleigh, North Carolina
Peter J. Taub, MD, FACS, FAAP
Professor, Surgery, Pediatrics, Dentistry, and Neurosurgery
Professor, Medical Education
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Residency Program Director
Chief, Craniomaxillofacial Surgery
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Chief, Pediatric Plastic Surgery
Director, Mount Sinai Cleft and Craniofacial Center
Director, Mount Sinai Vascular Anomalies Program
Kravis Children’s Hospital at Mount Sinai
New York, New York
Jesse A. Taylor, MD, FACS, FAAP
Peter Randall Endowed Chair and Chief
Division of Plastic Surgery
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
The University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Ali Teoman Telliog˘lu, MD
Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi
İrfan Baştuğ Cad
Dışkapı/Ankara
Turkey
Oren M. Tepper, MD
Director of Craniofacial Surgery
Director of Aesthetic Surgery
Co-Director 3D Printing & Innovation Laboratory
Assistant Professor of Surgery

Montefiore Medical Center
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Bronx, New York
Ryan Ter Louw, MD
Plastic Surgeon
Muskegon Surgical Associates
Muskegon, Michigan
Vishal Thanik, MD
Assistant Professor, Plastic Surgery
Associate Program Director, Residency Program
Chief of Microsurgery, Bellevue Hospital
Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery
New York University Langone Medical Center
New York, New York
Yeshaswini Thelekkat, MDS
Senior Lecturer; Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon
Oral Diagnostics and Surgical Sciences Division
School of Dentistry
International Medical University
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysiaa
Sunil Tholpady, MD, PhD, FACS, FAAP
Assistant Professor of Plastic Surgery
Indiana University School of Medicine
Indianapolis, Indiana
T. Guy Thorburn, BMBS, BMedSci, MA, FRCS(Plastic
Surgery)
Consultant Cleft and Plastic Surgeon
Spires Regional Cleft Centre

Oxford University Hospitals NHSFT
Oxford, United Kingdom
Charles H. Thorne, MD
Chairman
Department of Plastic Surgery
Lenox Hill Hospital
New York, New York
Dean M. Toriumi, MD
Professor
Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Department of Otolaryngology—
Head & Neck Surgery
University of Illinois at Chicago
Chicago, Illinois
Richard Tosti, MD
Hand, Wrist, Elbow, and Microvascular Surgeon
Philadelphia Hand to Shoulder Center
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Thomas Jefferson University
King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
Ali Totonchi, MD
Associate Professor, Case Western Reserve University
Associate Director of the Plastic Surgery Residency Program
MetroHealth Medical Center
Cleveland, Ohio
Anthony P. Tufaro, DDS, MD, FACS
Chief of Plastic Surgery
Professor of Surgery, Plastic Surgery and Surgical Oncology

University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Gökhan Tunçbilek, MD, PhD
Faculty of Medicine
Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery
Hacettepe University
Ankara, Turkey
Sergey Y. Turin, MD
Resident Physician
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Feinberg School of Medicine
Northwestern University
Chicago, Illinois
Jacob G. Unger, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor of Plastic Surgery
Vanderbilt University
Private Practice
Maxwell Aesthetics Suite
Nashville, Tennessee
Robin Unger, MD
Assistant Professor
Department of Dermatology
Mount Sinai Hospital
New York, New York
Walter Unger, MD
Clinical Professor
Department of Dermatology
Mt. Sinai Hospital

New York, New York
Joseph Upton, MD
Clinical Professor for Surgery
Harvard Medical School
Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts
Leo J. Urbinelli, MD, MA
Associate Director, Cleft & Craniofacial Unit
Assistant Professor, Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
Oregon Health & Sciences University
Doernbecher Children’s Hospital
Portland, Oregon
John van Aalst, MD, MA, FACS, FAAP
Professor and Director
Division of Pediatric and Craniofacial Plastic Surgery
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati, Ohio
Henry C. Vasconez, MD, FACS,
FAAP
William S. Farish Endowed Chair of Plastic Surgery
Professor of Surgery and Pediatrics
Chief of Plastic Surgery at the
Veterans Administration MC, Lexington
Associate Program Director, UK Plastic Surgery Residency Program
University of Kentucky College of Medicine
Lexington, Kentucky
Dev Vibhakar, DO
Fellow, Adult Reconstructive & Aesthetic Craniomaxillofacial
Surgery

Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts
Mark A. Vitale, MD, MPH
ONS Foundation for Clinical Research and Education, ONS, P.C.
Greenwich, Connecticut
Timothy W. Vogel, MD
North Jersey Brain and Spine Center
Pediatric Neurosurgery and Craniofacial Surgery
Hackensack University Medical
Hackensack, New Jersey
Robert D. Wallace, MD
Professor and Chair
Residency Program Director
Department of Plastic Surgery
University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center
Memphis, Tennessee
Mark E. Walker, MD, MBA
Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Department of Surgery
Yale University School of Medicine
Yale New Haven Hospital
New Haven, Connecticut
Robert L. Walton, MD, FACS
Professor of Surgery
Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
Feinberg School of Medicine
Northwestern University

Chief of Plastic Surgery
Department of Surgery
Saint Joseph Hospital
Chicago, Illinois
Howard D. Wang, MD
Resident
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Johns Hopkins/University of Maryland
Baltimore, Maryland
Richard J. Warren, MD, FRCSC
Clinical Professor of Surgery
University of British Columbia
Medical Director
Vancouver Plastic Surgery Center
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Nezar Watted, DMD
Clinic and Policlinics of Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Disease of
Bavarian Julius-Maximillian
University Hospital of Wuerzburg
University Wuerzburg
Wuerzburg, Germany
David Wei, MD
Attending Orthopaedic Surgeon
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Greenwich Hospital, Yale-New Haven Health
ONS Foundation for Clinical Research and Education, ONS, P.C.
Greenwich, Connecticut
Katie E. Weichman, MD

Assistant Professor of Surgery
Department of Surgery
Albert Einstein School of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center
Bronx, New York
Joseph K. Williams, MD
Chief of Plastic Surgery
Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
Clinical Professor
Division of Plastic Surgery
Emory University
Adjunct Professor
Department of Pediatrics
Emory University
Atlanta, Georgia
S. Anthony Wolfe, MD, FACS, FAAP
Chief of Plastic Surgery
Nicklaus Children’s Hospital
Miami, Florida
Alex Wong, MD, FACS
Associate Professor of Surgery
Director, Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research
Director, Microsurgery Fellowship and Medical Student Education
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Keck School of Medicine of USC
Los Angeles, California
Terence Kwan-Wong, MD FRCSC
Staff Surgeon
Pediatric Plastic Surgery
The Hospital for Sick Children

Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Kyong-Je Woo, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor
Department of Plastic Surgery
College of Medicine
Ewha Womans University
Ewha Womans University Medical Center
Seoul, Korea
Benjamin C. Wood, MD, MBA
Adjunct Associate Professor
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Jeyhan S. Wood, MD
Assistant Professor
Director of Craniofacial and Pediatric Plastic Surgery
Department of Surgery
University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Eric J. Wright, MD
Reconstructive and Aesthetic Breast Fellow
Division of Plastic Surgery
Harvard Medical School
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts
Liza C. Wu, MD, FACS
Chief of Microsurgery
PENN Plastic Surgery

Professor of Surgery
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
George Xipoleas, MD, FACS
The Long Island Plastic Surgical Group, PC
Garden City, New York
Wen Xu, MD
The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Akira Yamada, MD, PhD
Professor of Surgery
Feinberg School of Medicine
Northwestern University
Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago
Department of Plastic Surgery
Chicago, Illinois
Ji-Geng Yan, MD, PhD
Department of Plastic Surgery
The Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Michael J. Yaremchuk, MD
Clinical Professor of Surgery
Director—Residency Training
Program
Harvard Medical School
Chief of Craniofacial Surgery
Massachusetts General Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts
Essie Kueberuwa Yates, MD
Plastic & Reconstructive Surgeon
Yates Institute of Plastic Surgery
Lauderdale, Florida
Kristen S. Yee, MD
UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Oakland, Staff Surgeon
Chief of Facial Trauma
Santa Rosa Memorial Hospital
Santa Rosa, California
Elizabeth B. Yerkes, MD
Associate Professor
Department of Urology
Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University
Attending Pediatric Urologist
Division of Pediatric Urology
Department of Surgery
Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago
Chicago, Illinois
SaeHee Yom, DDS, MPH
Assistant Attending—Dental Service
Department of Surgery
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
New York, New York
Peirong Yu, MD, FACS
Professor
Division of Surgery
Department of Plastic Surgery

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Bellaire, Texas
Jack C. Yu, DMD, MD, MS, ED
Director of Craniofacial Center
Children’s Hospital of Georgia
Milford B. Hatcher Professor of Surgery
Section of Plastic Surgery
Augusta University
Augusta, Georgia
Michael R. Zenn, MD, MBA, FACS
Zenn Plastic Surgery
Raleigh, North California
Adjunct Professor of Plastic Surgery
University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Emily M. Zepeda, MD
Pediatric Ophthalmology and Adult Strabismus Fellow
Kellogg Eye Center
University of Michigan School of Medicine
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Ming Zhuo-Stine, MD
Clinical Instructor and Fellow
Department of Anesthesiology
Stanford University Hospitals
Stanford, California
Barry M. Zide, MD, DMD
Professor of Plastic Surgery

Hansjorg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery
NYU Langone Health
New York, New York
James E. Zins, MD, FACS
Chair, Department of Plastic Surgery
Head, Section of Cosmetic Surgery
Professor of Surgery
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, Ohio
Terri A. Zomerlei, MD
Clinical Instructor House Staff
Columbus, Ohio
Yasmina Zoghbi, MD
Resident
Division of Plastic Surgery
Department of Surgery
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
New York, New York
Toni Zhong, MD, MHS, FRCS(C)
Associate Professor
Departments of Surgery and Surgical Oncology
University of Toronto
Fellowship Director
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
University of Toronto
Plastic Surgeon—Scientist
Belinda Stronach Chair of UHN Breast Cancer Reconstructive
Surgery

Director of the UHN Breast Reconstruction Program
University Health Network
Mount Sinai Hospital
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ronald Zuker MD, FRCSC, FACS, FRCSEd(Hon)
Staff Surgeon
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
The Hospital for Sick Children
University of Toronto
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
____________
†Deceased

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Contents
Contributors
Preface
Volume I
PART 1 FACIAL AESTHETIC
SECTION I TECHNIQUES FOR BOTULINUM TOXINS IN THE
FACE
1
Injection of Botulinum Toxin to the Glabellar Region
Jonathan Sykes, Peter Palhazi, and Amir Allak
2
Injection of Botulinum Toxin to the Forehead
David A. Sieber and Jeffrey M. Kenkel
3
Injection of Botulinum Toxin to Soften Crow’s Feet
Sammy Sinno
4
Injection of Botulinum Toxin for Treatment of the Gummy
Smile
David A. Sieber and Jeffrey M. Kenkel
5
Injection of Botulinum Toxin for Treatment of Perioral
Rhytids

Z. Paul Lorenc and Johnson C. Lee
6
Injection of Botulinum Toxin to the Depressor Anguli Oris
Amir Allak, Sebastian Cotofana, and Jonathan Sykes
7
Injection of Botulinum Toxin to Platysma Bands
Z. Paul Lorenc and Johnson C. Lee
SECTION II TECHNIQUE FOR INJECTION OF FILLERS IN
THE FACE
8
Injection of Fillers in the Glabella, Forehead, and Brow
David A. Sieber and Jeffrey M. Kenkel
9
Filler Injection Into the Upper Periorbital Area
Val Lambros
10
Tear Trough and the Lid-Cheek Junction
Z. Paul Lorenc and Johnson C. Lee
11
Injection of Fillers in the Malar Region
Benjamin T. Lemelman and Julius W. Few
12
Nasolabial Fold With Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injection
Christopher C. Surek and Jacob N. Grow
13
Injection of Fillers to the Lips, Oral Commissures,
Marionette Lines, Prejowl Area, and Temporal Region
David A. Sieber and Jeffrey M. Kenkel
14
Injection of Filler to the Nose
T. Jonathan Kurkjian, Jamil Ahmad, and Rod J.
Rohrich

SECTION III FAT GRAFTING OF THE FACE
15
Fat Grafting at the Time of Facelifting
Sammy Sinno and James M. Stuzin
SECTION IV LASER RESURFACING OF THE FACE
16
Techniques for Laser Resurfacing of the Face
Daniel A. Belkin and Roy G. Geronemus
SECTION V CHEMICAL PEEL OF THE FACE
17
TCA Peel to Face
Steven M. Levine and Daniel C. Baker
18
Indications and Technique for Phenol-Croton Oil Peels
Gehan D’Souza and James Zins
SECTION VI DERMABRASION
19
Techniques for Dermabrasion to the Face
Steven M. Levine and Daniel C. Baker
SECTION VII BROW LIFTING
20
Indications and Techniques for Coronal Brow Lifting
Richard J. Warren
21
Indications and Technique for Endoscopic Brow Lifting
Navid Pourtaheri, Ali Totonchi, and Bahman Guyuron

22
Indications and Techniques for Subcutaneous Lateral
Brow Lifting
Richard J. Warren
23
Lowering the Overelevated Brow
Michael J. Yaremchuk, Erez Dayan, and Dev Vibhakar
24
Indications and Techniques for Transpalpebral Corrugator
Resection
Ximena A. Pinell-White and Foad Nahai
25
Indications and Techniques for Hairline Lowering
Warwick J. S. Nettle and Yumiko Kadota
SECTION VIII UPPER BLEPHAROPLASTY
26
Techniques for Upper Blepharoplasty
Steven M. Levine
27
Transpalpebral Corrugator Resection
Ji H. Son, Ali Totonchi, and Bahman Guyuron
28
Technique for Ptosis Correction
Ashley A. Campbell, Christopher C. Lo, and Richard
D. Lisman
29
Technique for Ptosis Correction
Nuri A. Celik
30
Asian Blepharoplasty (“Double Eyelid” Surgery)
Clyde H. Ishii
SECTION IX LOWER BLEPHAROPLASTY

31
Transconjunctival Approach to Resection and/or
Repositioning of Lower Eyelid Herniated Orbital Fat
Allen Putterman
32
Indications and Technique for Skin Pinch Skin Excision in
the Lower Eyelids
Charles H. Thorne and Sammy Sinno
33
Indications and Technique for Transconjunctival Fat
Removal and Redraping in the Lower Eyelids
Francisco G. Bravo
34
Indications and Technique for Lower Blepharoplasty via
Subciliary Incision
Francisco G. Bravo
35
Lateral Canthal Manipulation With Canthopexy or
Canthoplasty
George N. Kamel, Glenn W. Jelks and Oren M. Tepper
36
Indications and Techniques for Fat Grafting for Periorbital
Rejuvenation
Oren M. Tepper, Jillian Schreiber, Elizabeth B. Jelks,
and Glenn W. Jelks
37
Indications and Techniques for Upper and Lower
Blepharoplasty with Microfat Injections
Nuri A. Celik
38
Indications and Technique for Fat Grafting for Periorbital
Rejuvenation
Dino Elyassnia and Timothy Marten
39
Indications and Techniques for Bridge of Bone

Canthopexy
Dev Vibhakar, Erez Dayan, and Michael J. Yaremchuk
40
Indications and Techniques for Palatal Spacer Grafts
Dev Vibhakar, Erez Dayan, and Michael J. Yaremchuk
SECTION X FACELIFTING AND NECKLIFTING
41
Indication and Technique for Skin-Only Face and Neck
Lifting
James Zins and Gehan D’Souza
42
Indications and Techniques for Face-Lifting and Neck
Lifting
David A. Hidalgo and Sammy Sinno
43
Indications and Technique for Extended SMAS Facelift
and Necklift
James M. Stuzin and Sammy Sinno
44
Lamellar High SMAS Face-Lift
Dino Elyassnia and Timothy Marten
45
SMASectomy Face-Lift
Steven M. Levine and Daniel C. Baker
46
Indications and Technique for Deep Plane Face-Lift
Thomas A. Mustoe
47
Isolated Neck Lift
Alan Matarasso and Sammy Sinno
48
Subplatysmal Neck Lifting
Dino Elyassnia and Timothy Marten

49
Indications and Techniques for Short-Scar Face-Lift
Steven M. Levine and Daniel C. Baker
50
Indications and Techniques for Buccal Fat Pad Excision
Alan Matarasso and Sammy Sinno
51
Nonsurgical Neck Contouring using Deoxycholic Acid or
Microfocused Ultrasound
Lawrence S. Bass
SECTION XI RHINOPLASTY
52
Indications and Technique for Closed Rhinoplasty in
Patients With Dorsal Hump and Wide Tip
Barış Çakır and Ali Teoman Tellioğlu
53
Indications and Technique for Treating the Narrow
Midvault in Closed Rhinoplasty
Shruti C. Tannan, Jeffrey R. Claiborne, and Mark B.
Constantian
54
Indications and Techniques for Increasing and Decreasing
Tip Projection in Closed Rhinoplasty
Barış Çakır and Mithat Akan
55
Techniques for Controlling Tip Rotation in Closed
Rhinoplasty and Rhinoplasty Anesthesia
Barış Çakır and Mustafa Özgön
56
Technique for Ethnic Rhinoplasty by the Closed Technique
Shruti C. Tannan, J. Clayton Crantford, and Mark B.
Constantian

57
Indications and Technique for Open Rhinoplasty in
Patients With Dorsal Hump and Wide Tip
Charles H. Thorne and Sammy Sinno
58
Treating the Narrow Midvault
Eric J. Culbertson and Jason Roostaeian
59
Indications and Technique for Increasing and Decreasing
Tip Projection in Open Rhinoplasty
David A. Sieber and C. Spencer Cochran
60
Techniques for Controlling Tip Rotation in Open
Rhinoplasty
Nicolas G. Tabbal and Geo N. Tabbal
61
Technique for Ethnic Rhinoplasty Using the Open
Approach
Dean M. Toriumi and Jeffrey T. Steitz
62
Technique for Treating the Crooked Nose
Ali Totonchi, Navid Pourtaheri, and Bahman Guyuron
63
Technique for Treating the Long Nose
Michael R. Lee and Rod J. Rohrich
64
Technique for Treating the Short Nose
Nicholas Lahar and Jason Roostaeian
65
Technique for Dorsal Augmentation Using Costal Cartilage
Graft
Dean M. Toriumi
66
Technique for Dorsal Augmentation Using Alloplastic
Material

Man-Koon Suh and Nguyen Phan Tu Dung
67
Diced Cartilage in Fascia Graft for Dorsal Augmentation in
Rhinoplasty
Aaron M. Kosins and Rollin K. Daniel
68
Indication and Technique for Diced Cartilage and Fascia
Grafting in Rhinoplasty
Ashkan Ghavami
69
Technique for Surgical Management of the Depressor
Septi Nasi Muscle
Michael R. Lee, Sammy Sinno, and Rod J. Rohrich
70
Alar Contour Grafts
Jacob Unger and Rod J. Rohrich
71
Techniques for Treating Nasal Airway Obstruction
Michael R. Lee
SECTION XII FACIAL SKELETAL AUGMENTATION WITH
IMPLANTS
72
Chin Augmentation With Implant
Daniel A. Cuzzone and Barry M. Zide
73
Techniques for Placing Malar Implants
Erez Dayan, Dev Vibhakar, and Michael J. Yaremchuk
74
Mandible Implants
Michael J. Yaremchuk, Dev Vibhakar, and Erez Dayan
SECTION XIII SKELETAL REDUCTION

75
Technique for Chin Reduction
Jong-Woo Choi and Woo-Shik Jeong
SECTION XIV OSSEOUS GENIOPLASTY
76
An Osseous Approach to Chin Deformities
S. Anthony Wolfe and Saoussen Salhi
SECTION XV HAIR TRANSPLANTATION
77
Indications and Techniques for Hair Transplantation
Walter Unger and Robin Unger
PART 2 CRANIOFACIAL
SECTION I CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS
1
Fronto-Orbital Advancement
Rajendra Sawh-Martinez and John A. Persing
2
Fronto-Orbital Distraction
Jesse A. Taylor and Wen Xu
3
Posterior Cranial Vault Expansion
Alexander Y. Lin
4
Posterior Cranial Vault Distraction Osteogenesis
Richard A. Hopper and Amy Lee
5
Total Cranial Vault Remodeling
Akira Yamada, Kenneth E. Salyer, Derek A. Bruce,

and Frank R. Graewe
6
Spring-Assisted Surgery for Sagittal Synostosis
Lisa R. David and Claire Sanger Dillingham
7
Transparietal/Transtemporal Distraction for Sagittal
Craniosynostosis
Kristen Klement and Arlen Denny
8
Monobloc Frontofacial Advancement
S. Anthony Wolfe and Nicole C. Cabbad
9
Monobloc Distraction
Peter J. Taub and Vincent Chavanon
10
Split Calvarial Bone Graft Harvest
Peter J. Taub
11
Cranioplasty Reconstruction with Autogenous Rib Graft
Scott J. Rapp
12
Three-Dimensional Implant Reconstruction for the Cranial
Vault
Barry L. Eppley and Sunil Tholpady
13
Alloplastic Reconstruction of the Calvarium
Peter J. Taub
14
Craniopagus Twins
David J. Dunaway and Noor Ul Owase Jeelani
15
Endoscopically Assisted Approaches for Craniosynostosis
Timothy W. Vogel and Brian S. Pan
SECTION II ORBITAL DYSTOPIAS

16
Box and U-Shaped Osteotomies
Sunil Tholpady, Robert J. Havlik, and Barry L. Eppley
17
Facial Bipartition
Jessica Ching and Christopher R. Forrest
18
Orbital Expansion for Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia
Brad Morrow and Rogerio I. Neves
SECTION III MAXILLARY SURGERY
19
Surgically Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (SARPE)
Omri Emodi, Nezar Watted, and Adi Rachmiel
20
Premaxillary Segment Setback
Omri Emodi
21
Le Fort I Osteotomy and Advancement
Kathlyn K. Powell, Ahmed Elsherbiny, and John H.
Grant III
22
Le Fort I Distraction Osteogenesis
Nicholas S. Adams and John W. Polley
23
Segmental Le Fort I Advancement: Two and Three Piece
Leo J. Urbinelli and Jeffrey A. Hammoudeh
24
Le Fort II Osteotomy and Advancement
Adi Rachmiel, Dekel Shilo, and Omri Emodi
25
Le Fort II Advancement With Distraction Osteogenesis
Eugenia K. Page, Colin M. Brady, and Joseph K.

Williams
26
Le Fort III Advancement
Ghassan S. Abu-Sittah and Rawad S. Chalhoub
27
Le Fort III Osteotomy With External Distraction
Gökhan Tunçbilek
28
Minimal Access Le Fort III Osteotomy for Midface
Hypolasia
Scott J. Rapp and Christopher B. Gordon
29
Secondary Alveolar Bone Grafting of the Cleft Alveolar
Defect in Cleft Palate
Richard E. Kirschner, Michelle A. Scott, and Matthew
A. Hiersche
30
Surgical Management of Facial Clefts
David C. Matthews, Samer Abouzeid, and Edward W.
Kubek
31
Gingivoperiosteoplasty
Mark C. Martin
32
BMP Use in the Craniofacial Skeleton
James P. Bradley and Kristen S. Yee
SECTION IV MANDIBULAR SURGERY
33
Costochondral Reconstruction for Absent
Temporomandibular Joint
Patrick A. Gerety and Scott P. Bartlett
34
Prosthetic Reconstruction of the Temporomandibular Joint

Anthony P. Tufaro and Srinivas M. Susarla
35
Osteocutaneous Parascapular Flap for Mandibular
Reconstruction
Ravi K. Garg and John W. Siebert
36
Reverse Distraction to Create a Temporomandibular Joint
Joseph Lopez and Anand R. Kumar
37
Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy for Mandibular
Deficiency
Stephen B. Baker
38
Inverted L Osteotomy for Mandibular Surgery
Raymond J. Harshbarger
39
Intraoral Vertical Ramus Osteotomy of the Mandible
Deepak G. Krishnan and Haithem M. Elhadi Babiker
40
Internal Mandibular Distraction
Michael Alperovich and Roberto L. Flores
41
External Mandibular Distraction for Micrognathia
Haithem M. Elhadi Babiker
42
External Transfacial Mandibular Distraction
Brian S. Pan
43
Mandibular Setback
Haithem M. Elhadi Babiker and Deepak G. Krishnan
44
Osseous Genioplasty
Mark E. Walker and Derek M. Steinbacher
45
Alloplastic Chin Augmentation

Barry L. Eppley and Sunil Tholpady
46
Surgical Removal of Fibrous Dysplasia From the
Craniofacial Skeleton
Alexander Govshievich and Gaby G. Doumit
SECTION V SKULL DEFECTS
47
Autologous Bone Harvest to Correct Open Skull Defects
Michael R. Pharaon
SECTION VI FRONTAL SINUS
48
Frontal Sinus Cranialization
Mohamad Masoumy, Prasanth Patcha, Robert C.
Dinsmore, and Jack C. Yu
49
Frontal Sinus Obliteration with Fat
Matthew M. Smith and Alessandro de Alarcon
50
Pericranial Flap Harvest for Frontal Sinus Obliteration
Mahmoud Hassouba and John A. van Aalst
51
Endoscopic Correction of Frontal Sinus Fractures
Patrick M. Colley, Kibwei A. McKinney, and Brent A.
Senior
52
Operative Management of a Late Presentation of Frontal
Sinus Mucocele
Kibwei A. McKinney and Brent A. Senior
SECTION VII ORBITAL TRAUMA

53
Correction of Orbital Floor Blow-Out Fractures: Variation 1
Jean-Francois Lefaivre and David Charles A. Fisher
54
Correction of Orbital Floor Blow-Out Fractures: Variation 2
Henry C. Vasconez
55
Correction of Lateral Orbital Wall Fractures
Parit A. Patel
56
Medial Orbital Wall Fractures
Brad M. Gandolfi, Reena Bakshi, and Reza Jarrahy
57
Correction of Orbital Roof Fractures
Samita S. Goyal and James Jensen
58
Secondary Correction of Enophthalmos
David C. Matthews, Samer Abouzeid, and Edward W.
Kubek
SECTION VIII NASAL FRACTURES
59
Closed Nasal Fracture Correction
Benjamin C. Wood
60
Open Treatment of Nasal Fractures
Jeyhan Wood
SECTION IX NOE FRACTURES
61
Naso-Orbital-Ethmoid (NOE) Fractures
Craig Birgfeld and Joseph Gruss
SECTION X MAXILLARY TRAUMA

62
Closed Reduction of Zygomatic Arch Fractures
Oluwaseun A. Adetayo
63
Open Correction of Zygomatic Fractures
Warren Schubert and Yeshaswini Thelekkat
64
Addressing Late Malpositioning of the
Zygomaticomaxillary Complex
Warren Schubert and Yeshaswini Thelekkat
65
Correction of Le Fort I Fracture
Ananth S. Murthy
66
Correction of Le Fort II Fracture
Nataliya Biskup and John van Aalst
67
Correction of Le Fort III Fractures
Joseph Lopez and Amir H. Dorafshar
SECTION XI MANDIBULAR TRAUMA
68
Maxillomandibular Fixation of Mandible Fractures
Joseph Baylan and Dana Johns
69
Open Treatment of Mandible Fractures
Joseph Baylan and H. Peter Lorenz
70
Open Treatment of Condyle Fractures
Michael A. Lypka
71
Management of Mandibular Coronoid Fractures
Raja Naddaf

72
Surgical Correction of Nonunion of Mandible Fracture
Howard D. Wang, Arthur J. Nam, and Amir H.
Dorafshar
SECTION XII PANFACIAL TRAUMA
73
Surgical Correction of Panfacial Fractures
Detlev Erdmann and David Powers
SECTION XIII PEDIATRIC TRAUMA
74
Pediatric Orbital Fractures
James Y. Liau
75
Surgical Correction of Pediatric Midface Fractures
Eric Lowry Cole and Shelby R. Lies
76
Management of Pediatric Mandible Fractures
Nataliya I. Biskup and Brian S. Pan
PART 3 HEAD AND NECK RECONSTRUCTION
SECTION I ANESTHESIA
1
Local Anesthesia of the Face
Cerrene N. Giordano and Anthony M. Rossi
SECTION II FACIAL LACERATIONS
2
Management of Facial Lacerations

John G. Fernandez
SECTION III SCALP AND CALVARIUM
3
Scalp Reconstruction With Rotation Flaps
Finny George and Evan Matros
4
Scalp Reconstruction With Free Flaps
Finny George and Evan Matros
5
Scalp Reconstruction With Tissue Expansion
Finny George and Evan Matros
6
Calvarial Reconstruction With Split Rib Grafts
David A. Staffenberg and Gerald J. Cho
7
Calvarial Reconstruction With Split Calvarial Grafts
David A. Staffenberg and Gerald J. Cho
SECTION IV SKULL BASE AND MIDFACE
8
Free Fibula Flap for Midface Reconstruction
J. Rodrigo Diaz-Siso and Eduardo D. Rodriguez
9
Soft Tissue Flaps for Maxillary Reconstruction
Ahmed M. Hashem and Brian R. Gastman
SECTION V MANDIBLE
10
Mandible Reconstruction with Fibula Free Flap Using
CAD/CAM Techniques
Jamie Levine, David Hirsch, and Lawrence Brecht

11
Mandible Reconstruction with Fibula Flap with Templates
Eric G. Halvorson
12
Mandible Reconstruction With Scapula Flap
Mouchammed Agko and Hung-Chi Chen
13
Lateral Mandible Reconstruction With Soft Tissue Flaps
Afshin Mosahebi, Evan Matros, and Babak J. Mehrara
14
Maxillomandibular Fixation
Cherry L. Estilo, SaeHee Kim Yom, and Joseph
Randazzo
SECTION VI LIP
15
Repair of Lip Commissure Defects with Estlander Flaps
Simon G. Talbot and Julian J. Pribaz
16
Repair of Lip Defects With Karapandzic Flaps
Simon G. Talbot and Julian J. Pribaz
17
Repair of Lip Defects With the Abbe Flap
Robert Beinrauh and Joseph H. Dayan
18
Lower Lip Reconstruction With the Nasolabial Flap
George D. Xipoleas and Matthew S. Kilgo
19
Lip Reconstruction With Radial Forearm Free Flap
Vishal Thanik
SECTION VII EYELID
20
Direct Closure and Lateral Cantholysis

Aaron Fay and John Nguyen
21
Tenzel Semicircular Rotational Flap
John Nguyen and Aaron Fay
22
Eyelid Reconstruction With the Hughes Flap or Cutler-
Beard Flap
Larissa Habib and Brian Marr
23
Lower Eyelid Reconstruction With Palatal Grafts
Farooq Shahzad, Babak J. Mehrara, and Aaron Fay
24
Lateral Tarsal Strip Canthoplasty
Richard H. Caesar
SECTION VIII CHEEK
25
Cheek Reconstruction With Laterally or Medially Based
Cervicofacial Flap
Sammy Sinno and Barry M. Zide
26
Cheek Reconstruction With Tissue Expanders
John T. Stranix and Barry M. Zide
27
Cheek Reconstruction With Free Radial Forearm Flap
John G. Fernandez
28
Cheek Reconstruction With Skin Grafts
Farooq Shahzad and Babak J. Mehrara
SECTION IX EAR
29
Antia-Buch Flaps for Ear Reconstruction

Amir M. Ghaznavi and Brian R. Gastman
30
Postauricular Flap for Ear Reconstruction
Matthew M. Hanasono
31
Reconstruction of the Ear Lobe
Matthew M. Hanasono
32
Wedge Reconstruction of Partial Auriculectomy Defects
Edward I. Chang and Matthew M. Hanasono
SECTION X NOSE
33
Nasal Reconstruction With Banner Flaps, Bilobed Flaps,
and Nasolabial Flaps
Michael V. Chiodo and Pierre Saadeh
34
Nasal Reconstruction With Paramedian Forehead Flap
Robert D. Wallace and Petros Konofaos
35
Septal Flaps for Nasal Lining
Jordan D. Frey, John T. Stranix, and Pierre Saadeh
36
Radial Forearm Flap for Nasal Lining Reconstruction
Robert L. Walton and Brent Robinson
37
Nasal Reconstruction With Skin Grafts and Composite
Grafts
Steven M. Levine and Daniel C. Baker
38
V-Y Advancement Flaps for Nasal Reconstruction
Julian J. Pribaz and Simon G. Talbot
SECTION XI CAVITY AND PHARYNX

39
Facial Artery Perforator Flap
Julian J. Pribaz and Simon G. Talbot
40
Facial Artery Musculo-Mucosal (FAMM) Flap
Julian J. Pribaz and Simon G. Talbot
41
Free Flap for Hemi-Tongue Reconstruction
Carrie K. Chu and Periong Yu
42
Floor of Mouth Reconstruction
George N. Kamel, J. Alejandro Conejero, and Evan
Garfein
43
Reconstruction of Total Glossectomy Defects
Mark Sisco and Mihir Bhayani
44
Reconstruction of Buccal Mucosal Defects
Imran Ratanshi and Colleen M. McCarthy
45
Jejunum Flap for Pharyngeal Reconstruction
Farooq Shahzad and Babak J. Mehrara
46
Anterolateral Thigh Flap for Pharyngoesophageal
Reconstruction
Edward I. Chang and Matthew M. Hanasono
47
Pectoralis Major Flap for Pharyngeal Reconstruction
Michael A. Howard and Babak J. Mehrara
48
Supraclavicular Island Flap for Oropharyngeal
Reconstruction
Michael W. Chu and Ernest S. Chiu

SECTION XII FACIAL NERVES
49
Facial Reanimation in the Oncologic Patient Using Nerve
Grafts and Nerve Transfers
Joseph H. Dayan
50
Temporalis Flap and Lengthening Temporalis Myoplasty
for Facial Paralysis
Andre Panossian
51
Labbé Procedure: Lengthening Temporalis Myoplasty
Daniel Labbé and Pierre Guerreschi
52
Babysitter Nerves for Facial Reanimation
Adel Y. Fattah
53
Gold Weight Insertion for Upper Eyelid Reanimation
Larissa A. Habib and Brian Marr
Volume II
PART 4 PLASTIC SURGERY OF THE BREAST
SECTION I AUGMENTATION MAMMOPLASTY
1
Transaxillary Breast Augmentation
Louis L. Strock
2
Breast Augmentation: Subglandular, Subfascial, and
Submuscular Implant Placement
Chet Mays and Bradley Calobrace

3
Breast Augmentation Plane: Dual Plane
Bill Kortesis and Charalambos “Babis” Rammos
4
Breast Augmentation with Round and Anatomic Implants
Bill Kortesis and Charalambos “Babis” Rammos
5
Female to Male Transgender Breast Surgery
Ann R. Schwentker
SECTION II MASTOPEXY
6
Mastopexy: Periareolar, Vertical, and Wise Pattern
R. Ter Louw and Scott Spear†
SECTION III REDUCTION MAMMAPLASTY
7
Reduction Mammaplasty
Peter Henderson and Joseph J. Disa
8
Inferior Pedicle
Paul A. Ghareeb and Albert Losken
9
Breast Reduction with Free Nipple Graft
Paul A. Ghareeb and Albert Losken
10
Gynecomastia
John T. Stranix and Alexes Hazen
SECTION IV BREAST RECONSTRUCTION FOR PARTIAL
MASTECTOMY DEFECTS
11
Partial Breast Reconstruction With Local Tissue

Rearrangement
Moustapha Hamdi
12
Local Flaps in Partial Breast Reconstruction
Moustapha Hamdi and Fadi Bakal
SECTION V PROSTHETIC BREAST RECONSTRUCTION
13
Delayed Tissue Expansion
Hana Farhang Khoee, Edward C. Ray, and Joseph J.
Disa
14
Tissue Expander with Acellular Dermal Matrix
Gabriel M. Kind
15
Immediate Tissue Expander
Eric G. Halvorson and Joseph J. Disa
16
Replacement of Expander with Permanent Implant
Eric G. Halvorson and Joseph J. Disa
17
Direct-to-Implant Breast Reconstruction
Amy S. Colwell and Eric J. Wright
SECTION VI LATISSIMUS FLAP BREAST
RECONSTRUCTION
18
Latissimus Flap
Peter Henderson and Joseph Disa
SECTION VII ABDOMINAL FLAP BREAST
RECONSTRUCTION

19
TRAM
Peter Henderson, Jeffrey A. Ascherman, and Joseph
J. Disa
20
Free TRAM
Jennifer A. Klok and Toni Zhong
21
Muscle-Sparing Free Transverse Rectus Abdominis
Myocutaneous (TRAM) Flap
Arash Momeni and Liza C. Wu
22
DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction
Pierre M. Chevray
23
Abdominal Breast Reconstruction Using a SIEA Flap
Approach
Adrian S. H. Ooi, Deana Shenaq, Julie E. Park, and
David H. Song
24
Recipient Vessel Exposure—Internal Mammary and
Thoracodorsal
Theodore A. Kung and Adeyiza O. Momoh
25
Inferior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap Breast
Reconstruction
Katie E. Weichman
26
Superior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap Breast
Reconstruction
Katie E. Weichman
SECTION VIII OTHER FREE FLAPS

27
Profunda Artery Perforator Flap for Breast Reconstruction
Katie E. Weichman and Nicholas Haddock
28
Transverse Upper Gracilis Flap for Breast Reconstruction
Adeyiza O. Momoh
29
Skate Flap for Nipple Reconstruction
Katie E. Weichman
30
C-V Flap for Nipple Reconstruction
Katie E. Weichman
31
Nipple Reconstruction
Kasandra Dassoulas, Brendan Collins, and Bernard
W. Chang
32
Low-Volume Fat Grafting for Contour Correction
Nolan Karp and Jordan Frey
33
Large-Volume Fat Grafting for the Breast
Wesley N. Sivak and J. Peter Rubin
SECTION IX LYPHEDEMA
34
Lymphedema Microsurgery for Breast Cancer–Related
Upper Limb Lymphedema
Ming-Huei Cheng and Jung-Ju Huang
PART 5 TRUNK RECONSTRUCTION AND BODY
CONTOURING
SECTION I RECONSTRUCTION OF THE CHEST WALL

1
Pectoralis Flap for Chest Wall Reconstruction
Jeff Kim and David H. Song
2
Sternal Debridement and Application of Muscle Flaps
Sean M. Fisher, Jeff J. Kim, and David H. Song
3
Rectus Abdominis Flap for Thoracic Reconstruction
Maureen Beederman and David H. Song
4
Omental Flap for Thoracic Reconstruction
Amir Inbal and David H. Song
5
Latissimus Dorsi Flap for Chest Wall Defects
Essie Kueberuwa Yates and David H. Song
6
Serratus Anterior Flap for Chest Wall Reconstruction
Zachary J. Collier and David H. Song
SECTION II RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ABDOMINAL
WALL
7
Hernia Repair With Open Component Separation
Ibrahim Khansa and Jeffrey E. Janis
8
Ventral Hernia: Component Separation Technique
Mark W. Clemens and Charles E. Butler
9
Abdominal Hernia Reconstruction With Synthetic and
Biologic Mesh
Sergey Y. Turin and Gregory A. Dumanian
10
Rectus Femoris Flap for Abdominal Wall Reconstruction

Alexander F. Mericli and Charles E. Butler
11
Lower Abdominal Wall Reconstruction With Lateral Thigh-
Based Flaps
Dhivya R. Srinivasa and Jeffrey H. Kozlow
SECTION III BODY COUNTOURING
12
Abdominoplasty
Alan Matarasso and Darren M. Smith
13
Abdominal Panniculectomy
Devra B. Becker
14
Abdominal Panniculectomy in Super Obese Patients
David J. Rowe
15
Buttock Lift
Michele Shermak
16
Circumferential Body Lift
Joseph Michaels and Jennifer Capla
17
Lower Posterior Torso and Buttock Sculpting
Dennis J. Hurwitz
18
Gynecomastia Procedures after Massive Weight Loss
Michele Shermak
19
Mons Pubis Reduction
Michele Shermak
20
Upper Arm Lift (Brachioplasty)
Jennifer Capla and Joseph Michaels