240
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Triceps brachii
(Longitudinal View)
Origin:
Long head—infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Medial head—posterior surface of humerus
Lateral head—posterior surface of humerus
Insertion:
Olecranon
Innervation: Radial nerve
Action:
Elbow extension, long head can also extend and adduct shoulder
241
UPPER LIMB
242
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Triceps brachii
(Transverse View)
Origin:
Long head—infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Medial head—posterior
surface of humerus Lateral head—posterior surface of humerus
Insertion:
Olecranon
Innervation: Radial nerve
Action:
Elbow extension, long head can also extend and adduct shoulder
243
UPPER LIMB
244
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Brachialis
Origin:
Anterior humerus and intermuscular septae
Insertion:
Tuberosity of the ulna
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
Action:
Elbow fl exion
245
UPPER LIMB
246
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Biceps brachii
(Longitudinal View)
Origin:
Long head—supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head—coracoid process
Insertion:
Radial tuberosity
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
Action:
Elbow fl exion, forearm supination
247
UPPER LIMB
248
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Biceps brachii
(Transverse View)
Origin:
Long head—supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head—coracoid process
Insertion:
Radial tuberosity
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
Action:
Elbow fl exion, forearm supination
249
UPPER LIMB
250
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Brachioradialis
(Longitudinal View)
Origin:
Proximal humerus and intermuscular septum
Insertion:
Distal radius
Innervation: Radial nerve
Action:
Elbow fl exion
251
UPPER LIMB
252
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Brachioradialis
(Transverse View)
Origin:
Proximal humerus and intermuscular septum
Insertion:
Distal radius
Innervation: Radial nerve
Action:
Elbow fl exion
253
UPPER LIMB
254
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Flexor Carpi Radialis
(Longitudinal View)
Origin:
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion:
Base of metacarpals II and III
Innervation: Median nerve
Action:
Wrist fl exion and abduction
255
UPPER LIMB
256
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Flexor Carpi Radialis
(Transverse View)
Origin:
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion:
Base of metacarpals II and III
Innervation: Median nerve
Action:
Wrist fl exion and abduction
257
UPPER LIMB
258
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Pronator Teres
Origin:
Humeral head—medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head—coronoid process of ulna
Insertion:
Lateral midshaft of radius
Innervation: Median nerve
Action:
Forearm pronation
Notes: T here are two approaches for injecting the pronator teres:
(1, not shown) If injecting both the fl exor carpi radialis (FCR) and the
pronator teres (PT), you can use a more medial ultrasound position
and injection site. Inject the FCR superfi cially then pass the needle
deeper to reach the PT.
(2, illustrated below) If injecting the PT only, use a more lateral
approach and avoid the FCR.
259
UPPER LIMB
260
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Pronator Quadratus
Origin:
Distal anterior ulna
Insertion:
Distal anterior radius
Innervation: Median nerve
Action:
Forearm pronation
US images taken on the extensor surface of the forearm
261
UPPER LIMB
262
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
(Longitudinal View)
Origin:
Humeral head—medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head—olecranon and posterior ulna
Insertion:
Pisiform bone
Innervation: Ulnar nerve
Action:
Wrist fl exion and adduction
263
UPPER LIMB
264
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
(Transverse View)
Origin:
Anterior and medial ulna, interosseous membrane
Insertion:
Four tendons: palmar surface of distal phalanges 11-V
Innervation: Median nerve (lateral half), ulnar nerve (medial half)
Action:
Distal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joint fl exion of
fi ngers 11-V, wrist fl exion
265
UPPER LIMB
266
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Flexor Digitorum Superfi cialis
(Longitudinal View)
Origin:
Humeroulnar Head: Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid
process
Radial Head: Radius
Insertion:
Four tendons: palmar surface of distal phalanges 11-V
Innervation: Median nerve
Action:
Proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joint fl exion of
fi ngers 11-V, wrist fl exion
267
UPPER LIMB
268
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Flexor Digitorum Superfi cialis
(Transverse View)
Origin:
Humeroulnar Head: Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid
process
Radial Head: Radius
Insertion:
Four tendons: palmar surface of distal phalanges 11-V
Innervation: Median nerve
Action:
Proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joint fl exion of
fi ngers 11-V, wrist fl exion
Injection is performed with forearm in supination
269
UPPER LIMB
270
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Origin:
Anterior radius and interosseous membrane
Insertion:
Palmar surface of distal phalanx I (thumb)
Innervation: Median nerve (lateral half), ulnar nerve (medial half)
Action:
Interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joint fl exion of thumb
271
UPPER LIMB
272
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Supinator
Origin:
Superfi cial—lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament,
and annular ligament
Deep—ulna (supinator crest)
Insertion:
Lateral surface of the radius
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve
Action:
Forearm supination
273
UPPER LIMB
274
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Extensor Digitorum Communis
Origin:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus, intermuscular septum, and deep fascia
Insertion:
Four tendons: extensor hoods on dorsal middle and distal phalanges
II–V
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve
Action:
Finger and wrist extension
275
UPPER LIMB
276
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Extensor Carpi Radialis
Origin:
Longus—Distal lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus and
intermuscular septum
Brevis—Lateral epicondyle of humerus and intermuscular septum
Insertion:
Longus—Dorsal base of metacarpal II
Brevis—Dorsal base of metacarpals II and III
Innervation: Longus—Radial nerve; Brevis—Deep branch of radial nerve
Action:
Wrist extension and abduction
277
UPPER LIMB
278
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Extensor Indices Proprius
Origin:
Posterior ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion:
Extensor hood of index fi nger
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve
Action:
Index fi nger extension
279
UPPER LIMB
280
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Extensor Pollicis Longus
(Longitudinal View)
Origin:
Posterior ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion:
Dorsal base of distal phalanx of thumb
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve
Action:
Thumb extension at interphalangeal and carpometacarpal joints
281
UPPER LIMB
282
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
UPPER LIMB
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
(Transverse View)
Origin:
Posterior radius and interosseous membrane
Insertion:
Dorsal base of distal phalanx of thumb
Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve
Action:
Thumb extension at interphalangeal and carpometacarpal joints
283
UPPER LIMB
284
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
Dorsal Interossei
Origin:
Four muscles; Adjacent metacarpals
Insertion:
Extensor hoods and proximal phalanges of digits II–IV
Innervation: Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Action:
Abduction of fi ngers II–IV at metacarpophalangeal joints
HAND
285
HAND
286
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
HAND
First Dorsal Interosseous
Origin:
Radial side of second metacarpal and ulnar side of fi rst metacarpal
Insertion:
radial side of proximal phalanx II (index fi nger) and extensor expansion
Innervation: Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Action:
Abduction of index fi nger; thumb adduction
287
HAND
288
ANATOMIC AND PROCEDURAL ATLAS
HAND
Adductor Pollicis Brevis
Origin:
Transverse head—Metacarpal III
Oblique head—Capitate and base of metacarpals II and III
Insertion:
Extensor hood and proximal phalanx of thumb
Innervation: Deep branch of ulnar nerve
Action:
Adduction of thumb
289
HAND
