889
Skin Necrosis
Skin necrosis can be caused by careless undermining, excessive debulking of the tip, and injudicious cautery. It can also be
caused by excessively tight compression dressing. Skin necrosis requires wound dressing and secondary healing. After sec-
ondary wound healing, the skin should be treated with triamcinolone injection and laser treatment. Full- thickness necrosis
of the tip or columella may require (Fig. 17.10) composite graft or local flap reconstruction.
Fig. 17.10 Full-thickness necrosis of columella
Skin Necrosis
890
Further Reading
1. Yu SS, Cho PD, Shin HW, Rhee SC, Lee SH. A comparison between K-wire splinting and intranasal gauze packing in nasal bone fracture. J
Craniofac Surg. 2015;26(5):1624–7.
2. Shemshadi H, et al. Olfector function following open rhinoplasty: a 6 month follow-up study. BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord. 2008;8:1–6.
3. Kuan EC, Suh JD, Wang MB. Empty nose syndrome. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2015;15(1):493–9.
4. Leong SC. The clinical efficacy of surgical interventions for empty nose syndrome: a systematic review. Laryngoscope. 2015;125(7):1557–62.
5. Houser SM. Surgical treatment for empty nose syndrome. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007;133(9):858–63.
6. Sozansky J, Houser SM. Pathophysiology of empty nose syndrome. Laryngoscope. 2014
7. Chhabra N, Houser SM. The diagnosis and management of empty nose syndrome. Otolaryngol Clin N Am. 2009;42(2):311–30.
8. Wen F-B, Zhao S, Yang Y, et al. Empty nose syndrome may be the chief criminal behind many of the worst atrocities against rhinologic medical
staff in China. J Surg Res. 2015;1(2):30.
9. Jaberoo MC, De Zoysa N, Mehta NA, et al. A twin-center study of nasal tip numbness following septorhinoplasty or rhinoplasty. Ear Nose
Throat J. 2016;95(2):e18–21.
10. Thompson AC. Nasal tip numbness following rhinoplasty. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1987;12(2):143–4.
11. Thomas SW, Baird IM, Frazier RW. Toxic shock syndrome following submucous resection and rhinoplasty. JAMA. 1982;247(17):2402–3.
12. Coursey DL. Staphylococcal endocarditis following septorhinoplasty. Arch Otolaryngol. 1974;99(6):454–5.
13. Cohen BJ, Johnson JD, Raff MJ. Septoplasty complicated by staphylococcal spinal osteomyelitis. Arch Intern Med. 1985;145(3):556–7.
14. Guyuron B, Vaughan C, Schlecter B. The role of DDAVP (desmopressin) in orthognathic surgery. Ann Plast Surg. 1996;37(5):516–9.
15. Faber C, Larson K, Amirlak B, Guyuron B. Use of desmopressin for unremitting epistaxis following septorhinoplasty and turbinectomy. Plast
Reconstr Surg. 2011;128(6):e728–32.
16. Gruber RP, Garza RM, Cho GJ. Nasal bone osteotomies with nonpowered tools. Clin Plast Surg. 2016;43(1):73–83.
17. Bafaqeeh SA, al-Qattan MM. Alterations in nasal sensibility following open rhinoplasty. Br J Plast Surg. 1998;51(7):508–10.
18. Jang YJ. Rhinoseptoplasty. Seoul: Koonja; 2013. p. 39–43.
19. Rohrich RJ, Adams WP, Gunter JP. Prevention and management of rhinoplasty complications. Dallas rhinoplasty the 3rd edition. St. Louis:
QMP/CRC Press; 2014. p. 1361–87.
20. Rettinger G. Risks and complications in rhinoplasty. Laryngorhinootologie. 2007;86(Suppl 1):S40–54.
21. Guyuron B. Secondary turbinectomy, septoplasty and dealing with a septal perforation. Rhinoplasty. Philadelphia: Elsvier Saunders; 2012.
p. 423–5.
22. Gruber RP, Wall SH Jr, Kaufman DL, Khan DM. Secondary rhinoplasty. In: Warren RJ, editor. Plastic surgery, Neligan, vol. 3. 3rd ed.
New York: Elsevier Sounders; 2013. p. 466–84.
17 Complications of the Rhinoplasty